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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.4.2
  • What's New
  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Feature differences between the Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview of Compatibility with Oracle
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
      • System views
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Limitations
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Before you begin
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle-compatible mode)
    • Build a sample application (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Build a sample application (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using DBeaver
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat
        • Use database connection pool
          • Connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • JDBC
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • Connector/J
          • TestContainers
        • Python
          • mysqlclient
          • PyMySQL
          • MySQL-connector-python
          • SQLAlchemy
          • Django
          • peewee
        • C
          • MySQL Connector/C
        • Go
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
          • GORM
        • PHP
          • EXT
          • MySQLi
          • PDO
        • Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using SeaORM
        • Ruby
          • ActiveRecord
          • mysql2
          • Sequel
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a database
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Lock query results with SELECT FOR UPDATE
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
          • Use regular expressions in queries
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Transaction management overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • Error code introduction
          • Error handling specifications for MySQL-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
    • Develop applications (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview of connection methods
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database using DBeaver (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database Connection Pool Configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
        • Python
          • Python Driver Oracle Mode
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
          • SqlSugar
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived tables
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
        • Pagination
      • Transactions
        • Transaction management overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
  • Deploy
    • Deployment overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Before deployment
        • Prepare servers
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Deploy OAT
      • Deploy through GUI
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • OCP deployment instructions
          • Upload installation packages
          • Create MetaDB
          • Deploy OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy through CLI
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize OBServer nodes by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy the OceanBase Database Java SDK
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Deployment overview of OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Deploy locally
        • Hardware and software requirements
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Create a user
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of obd
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment by using the CLI
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a container environment
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
      • Deploy OceanBase Desktop
    • Clean up an OceanBase cluster
    • Recommended configurations
  • Upgrade
    • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Upgrade overview
      • Upgrade an arbitration service
      • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
      • Check upgrade results
    • OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
  • Migrate
    • Data migration Overview
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • DTS
      • Huawei Cloud CDM
      • Huawei DRS
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to create an active-active disaster recovery project for OceanBase Database tenants of the same type
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL-compatible tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL-compatible tenant to an Oracle-compatible tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle-compatible tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle-compatible tenant to a MySQL-compatible tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Migrate data between tables
      • Migrate resource units
      • Export data using the OUTFILE statement
    • Overview of direct load
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage clusters
      • Cluster introduction
      • Cluster parameters
      • Common cluster operations
        • View a zone
        • View a node
        • Restart a node
        • Add a node
        • Delete a node
        • Isolate a node
        • Replace a node
        • Start a zone
        • Add a zone
        • Delete a zone
        • Modify a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • View cluster parameters
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Reset cluster parameters
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Manage tenants
      • Tenant introduction
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Common tenant operations
        • Create a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview of resource isolation
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle-compatible mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for frontend and backend tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL-compatible mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update resource management plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Example configuration for resource isolation of background tasks
        • View tenant and resource information
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Introduction to scaling in and out
          • Resource planning for tenant scale-in and scale-out
          • Tenant pre-scaling
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Adjust the unit number for tenant scaling in and out
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
          • Example of smooth scaling in and out
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Drop a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • Rename a tenant
        • Manage resource pools
          • View resource pools
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
          • Remove a resource pool from a tenant
          • Merge and split resource pools
          • Drop a resource pool
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query resource specifications (unit configs)
          • Modify resource specification (unit config)
          • Delete resource specification (unit config)
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
    • Manage log streams
      • Create a log stream
      • Modify a log stream
    • Manage replicas
      • Replica introduction
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality overview
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Modify locality
          • Add replicas
          • Reduce replicas
          • Change the replica type
          • Adjust replica distribution
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
    • Data load balancing
      • Overview of data load balancing
      • Transfer partitions
      • Cancel a "Transfer Partition" task
      • Cancel a load balancing job
      • Pause and resume a load balancing job
      • Table group weight management
        • Aggregation of user tables in a database
        • Set table group weights
        • Clear table group weights
        • Application scenarios of table group weight balancing
      • Partition weight management
        • Set partition weights
        • Clear partition weights
      • Partition balancing
        • Configure a scheduled partition balance task
        • Manually trigger partition balancing
        • View the configuration of the scheduled partition balancing task
        • View the trigger history of the scheduled partition balancing task
        • View the partition balancing tasks in the background
        • View the history of partition balancing tasks in the background
      • Isolating GTS for high availability: a practical example
    • High availability
      • High availability overview
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Data link introduction
        • Proxy layer high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Physical standby database overview
        • Limitations
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Preparations before creating standby tenants
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
        • Log transmission service
          • Log transmission service overview
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Set a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
            • Configure standby database delay
          • View log restore source information
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • Set log synchronization compression
        • Log storage service
        • Protection mode
          • Protection mode overview
          • Protection mode and protection level
          • Set the strongly synchronized downstream
          • Set the protection mode
          • Primary/standby switchover and protection modes
        • Switch roles
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Switchover
          • Failover
        • Delete a primary or standby tenant
        • Delayed standby application cases
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Arbitration service overview
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
        • Query log stream upgrade and downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Recycle bin overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
      • Flashback queries
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview of security and privileges
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
          • Dual password management
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
          • Password rollover
      • Access control
        • Access control overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview of users and privileges
          • MySQL-compatible mode
            • Privilege types in MySQL-compatible mode
            • Create a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Role management
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Activate a role
              • View roles
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
          • Oracle-compatible mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle-compatible mode
            • Create a user
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Role management overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to another role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • View roles
              • Modify a role
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Use a proxy user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
        • Network security access control
        • RPC connection authentication
        • Row-level access control
      • Data encryption
        • Data encryption overview
        • Data transfer encryption
          • Data transmission encryption overview
          • OBServer transmission encryption
          • ODP transmission encryption
        • Tenant master key management
          • Overview of tenant master keys
          • Generate a tenant master key (MySQL-compatible mode)
          • Generate a tenant master key (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • Transparent data encryption
          • Database transparent encryption overview
          • Transparent data encryption (MySQL-compatible mode)
            • Enable TDE for new tables
            • Enable transparent data encryption for an existing table
            • Decrypt a table
          • Transparent data encryption (Oracle-compatible mode)
            • Enable TDE for new tables
            • Enable TDE for existing tables
            • Decrypt a table
        • Column encryption
          • Overview of column encryption
          • Column encryption (MySQL-compatible mode)
            • Create a column encryption rule
            • Column encryption privilege management
          • Column encryption (Oracle-compatible mode)
            • Create a column encryption rule
            • Column encryption privilege management
          • Frequently asked questions about column encryption
      • Security audit
        • Security audit overview
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set auditing rules
          • View auditing records
          • Disable security auditing
          • Appendix: Complete SQL types supported by general_sql_command
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set and view auditing rules
          • View auditing records
          • Audit user logins
          • Audit user operations
          • Audit specified database objects
    • Backup and restore
      • Physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Log archive
        • Overview of log archiving
        • Prepare for log archiving
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Suspend archiving
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • View information about pieces
        • View the archiving progress
        • View the archiving history
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Change the archive destination
        • Clear the archive path configuration
        • Views related to log archiving
      • Data backup
        • Overview
        • Prepare for backup
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Back up to a specified directory
        • Back up parameters
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
        • View the data backup history
        • View parameters related to data backup
        • Modify the source-side backup path configuration
        • Change the backup destination
        • Views related to data backup
      • Update `access_id` and `access_key` information for the backup or archive path
      • Clear backup data
        • Automatically clear backup data
          • Automatically clean up expired backups
          • Delete a cleanup policy
        • Manually clear backup data
          • Manually trigger the cleanup of expired backups
          • Manually clean up specified backup or archive data
          • Manually clear the backup path or archive path
        • Cancel a cleanup task
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • View the results of backup cleanup
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Views related to backup cleanup
      • Backup validation
        • Backup validation overview
        • Validate the entire backup and archive path
        • Validate a specified backup set or log archive piece
        • Validate backup sets or log archive pieces in a specified path
        • Cancel backup validation
        • View backup validation progress
        • View backup validation results
      • Restore data
        • Prepare before restore
        • Perform physical restore
        • Restore from a specified path
        • Cancel physical restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
      • Restore by table
        • Overview of table-level restore
        • Preparations before table-level restore
        • Perform table-level restore
        • Schema restore after table-level restore
        • Cancel table-level restore
        • Check the progress of table-level restore
        • Check the results of table-level restore
        • Parameters related to table-level restore
        • Views related to table-level restore
      • Backup and restore performance tuning
      • Example of configuring the source backup and archive paths
      • Appendix: S3 path format
    • Monitor
      • Monitoring overview
      • Metrics
        • System monitoring
          • System monitoring metrics overview
          • SYSSTAT metrics
          • Wait events
          • Latch events
        • SQL monitoring
          • SQL monitoring overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
      • Cases
      • Arbitration Service Monitoring
    • Logs
      • Log overview
      • Log levels
      • Log interpretation
      • Log stability
      • Log control
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
    • Routine inspection
      • Routine inspection overview
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check host information
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check OBServer status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Deadlock detection
      • Check the log synchronization and replay status of primary and standby tenants
      • End-to-end tracing
        • End-to-end tracing overview
        • End-to-end tracing process
        • End-to-end tracing methods
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Performance tuning
      • Performance tuning overview
      • Identify bottlenecks on the data link
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • OBServer performance issues overview
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Non-optimal plan
            • Buffer tables
            • Plan optimality for account size skew
          • Hard parsing issues
          • Capacity issues
          • Internal wait events
      • SQL tuning
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview of statistics and row estimation mechanism
            • Statistical information
              • Overview
              • Collect statistical information
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
                • Automatic statistics collection
              • Query statistics
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
                • Lock statistics
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
            • Row estimation
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on selectivity
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
          • Plan management
            • Plan cache overview
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Index selection
            • Index selection overview
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
            • Avoid sorting
          • Join
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Hash Join
              • Merge join
              • Common business issues
            • Join types
            • Join order
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview of order by and limit optimization
            • SORT assignment and optimization
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
        • Business logic optimization
          • SQL specifications
          • Schema specifications
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Typical SQL tuning scenarios and cases
    • Troubleshooting
      • Error handling fundamentals
      • Bootstrap
      • Storage
        • Dump and major compaction
        • Memory-related issues
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild
      • Election
        • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • No leader
      • Transaction
        • Transaction issues
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Long transaction
        • Hung transaction
        • Idle transaction
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Physical standby database
        • Diagnose physical standby database log synchronization and replay exceptions
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Data backup failures
        • Physical restore failures
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
      • FAQ about manual operations on log streams
      • Materialized view exception diagnosis
      • Troubleshoot SQL execution errors
      • Application exceptions -- error messages without OceanBase error codes
      • Application exceptions -- error messages with OceanBase error codes
      • Troubleshoot application disconnection issues
      • External table common issue troubleshooting guide
      • Troubleshooting with ASH
        • General approach to troubleshooting using ASH
        • Troubleshoot CPU resource imbalance
        • Troubleshoot I/O bottlenecks
      • Frequently used SQL for troubleshooting
        • Query tenant_id and table_id
        • Information about the table
        • Query the primary table of an index
        • Query table fragmentation
        • View indexes with abnormal status
        • Query deadlocks
        • Query the partition name
        • Query the number of temporary tables
        • Query row locks
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Node failure
          • Network jitter
          • ODP failure
          • Other hardware and network issues
        • Capacity issues
          • SQL query exceptions
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant memory full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Node clog disk full
          • Node data disk full
          • Tenant request queue backlog
        • Other cluster issues
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
  • OceanBase AP
    • AP Version Update History
    • Overview of OceanBase AP
    • Core features of OceanBase AP
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database AP
    • Deployment
      • Overview of OceanBase AP Deployment
      • Parameter configuration recommendations for AP scenarios
      • Deploy and use columnstore replicas
    • Data table design
      • Overview of tables
      • Data distribution
        • Dynamic partitioning
      • Data design best practices
        • Data table design and query optimization in AP scenarios
        • JSON Multi-Valued and Full-Text Indexing
        • Table partitioning design in OLAP scenarios
    • Data migration
      • Data migration overview
      • Migrate data from a heterogeneous data source to OceanBase Database
      • Homogeneous data migration
      • Migrate data from the big data ecosystem
      • Migrate data from a mainstream AP database to OceanBase Database
    • Data collection
      • Overview
      • Data subscription
      • Import data
        • Overview
        • Direct load
          • Overview of direct load
          • Full direct load
          • Incremental direct load
          • Import data in direct load mode by using obloader
          • Efficient data loading with full direct load and partition exchange
        • Import data to an external table
        • Data import strategies and best practices
    • 300.obap-data-transfer
      • 300.data-import
        • Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
    • Data processing
      • Data processing in OceanBase
      • Data processing tools
      • Materialized view query acceleration
        • Accelerate queries with materialized views
        • Practice scenarios of materialized views
    • Data lake
      • Data catalog
        • Overview of data catalogs
        • Internal catalog
        • ODPS catalog
        • HMS Catalog
      • Data lake integration
        • External table overview
        • MaxCompute external tables
        • URL external tables of OceanBase Database
        • File external tables
    • Query acceleration
      • Overview
      • Statistics
      • Select a query parallelism level
    • Export data
    • Data visualization
    • Performance diagnosis and tuning
      • Use the DBMS_XPLAN package for performance diagnostics
      • Use the GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR view for performance analysis
      • Views related to AP performance analysis
    • Ecosystem integration
    • Tutorials
      • AP tutorial
      • Accelerate offline queries in OceanBase by using the HMS catalog
      • Query and read/write MaxCompute (ODPS) data in OceanBase Database
    • AP FAQ
  • OceanBase AI
    • Overview
      • Overview of vector search
      • Core features of vector search
      • AI application workflow using OceanBase vector search
    • Quick start
      • Quick start: vector search with SQL
      • Quick start: vector search with Python
    • Vector embedding technology
    • Store vector data
    • Vector index
      • Overview
      • Vector index memory management
      • Dense vector index
        • Overview
        • Index type selection
        • HNSW index
        • IVF index series
      • Monitor and maintain indexes
      • Optimize the performance of vector search
    • SQL functions
    • Vector similarity search
    • Hybrid search
      • Full-text and vector hybrid search
    • AI function service
      • AI function service quick start
      • AI function service permissions
      • AI model registration
      • AI function syntax and examples
    • Migrate to OceanBase Database from a vector database
    • Tutorials
      • Vector search tutorial overview
      • Build an intelligent Q&A chatbot with OceanBase
      • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
      • Build a cultural tourism assistant with OceanBase multi-model integration
    • AI integrations
      • Overview of AI integration
      • OpenAI
      • Qwen
      • LangChain
      • LlamaIndex
      • Dify
      • n8n
      • Spring AI
      • Cline
      • Cursor
      • Continue
    • VectorDBBench benchmark testing
    • References
      • Overview of vector data types
      • Compatibility
      • Supported clients and languages
        • Supported clients and languages for vector search
        • pyobvector Python SDK interface
        • Java SDK interface
    • Vector search FAQ
  • Integrations
    • Integration overview
    • ORM frameworks
      • Java
        • Spring Boot
        • SpringBatch
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Spring JDBC
        • SpringDataJPA
        • Hibernate
        • MyBatis
      • Python
        • SQLAlchemy
        • peewee
        • Tortoise ORM
      • Go
        • GORM
        • beego ORM
      • Rust
        • SeaORM
        • Diesel
      • Ruby
        • Active Record
        • Sequel
        • Ruby on Rails
      • Node.js
        • Sequelize
        • TypeORM
        • Prisma
        • Drizzle
      • C#
        • Dapper
        • SqlSugar
        • FreeSQL
      • PHP
        • Yii 2.0 ORM
        • Laravel Eloquent ORM
    • Database version management
      • Liquibase
      • Flyway
    • Data integration
      • Apache Flink
        • Apache Flink
        • Flink DirectLoad
        • Flink Connector OceanBase
      • dbt
      • SeaTunnel
      • Dataphin
      • Maxwell
      • Debezium
      • Spark Catalog
      • NiFi
      • Qlik Replicate
      • RisingWave MySQL-CDC
    • SQL development
      • WebLogic
      • DBeaver
      • Navicat
      • DataGrip
      • TablePlus
      • DMS
    • Orchestration and scheduling
      • DolphinScheduler
      • Linkis
    • Visualization tools
      • Superset
      • Power BI
      • Quick BI
      • Tableau
      • GuanData
      • vividime
      • Excel
    • Database management
      • NineData
      • Bytebase
      • DataHub
      • Zabbix
    • AI
      • OpenAI
      • Qwen
      • LangChain
      • LlamaIndex
      • Dify
      • n8n
      • Trae
      • SpringAI
      • Cline
      • Cursor
      • Continue
      • MCP Toolbox
      • CamelAI
      • Firecrawl
      • Hugging Face
      • Ollama
      • Google Gemini
      • Cloudflare Workers AI
      • Jina AI
      • Augment Code
      • Claude Code
      • Kiro
  • Tutorials
    • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
    • Build an intelligent Q&A assistant with OceanBase Database
    • Build a cultural tourism assistant with OceanBase multi-model integration
    • Build an offline data warehouse and visual dashboard with OceanBase
    • Analyze data in OceanBase Database using Superset
    • Build a WordPress website with OceanBase Database
    • Efficiently retrieve large volumes of news data using full-text indexing
    • Use Spark to process and analyze large volumes of data in OceanBase Database quickly
    • Use direct load to accelerate the import of massive data
    • OceanBase MCP Server
  • Reference
    • OceanBase concepts
      • OceanBase Database architecture
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Multi-tenant architecture overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenant introduction
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Tenant resource management
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Resource unit balancing
      • Database objects
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Introduction
            • Database objects overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Table overview
            • Data type
              • Data type overview
              • Character data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • ROWID data types
              • LOB data types
              • Format model
                • Format model overview
                • Number format models
                • Datetime format models
              • Multi-model data types
              • User-defined data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary table
            • Table group overview
          • Indexes
            • Overview of indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Full-text index
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Partition overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Standard views
              • View overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • Oracle-compatible views
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonyms
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Data integrity overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Integrity constraint types overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • CHECK constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Introduction
            • Database objects overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Table overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Character data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Spatial data types
              • JSON data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Table groups
          • Indexes
            • Overview of indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Full-text index
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Partition overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Overview
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • MySQL-compatible views
              • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL-compatible tenants
              • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • Foreign key constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
      • Distributed database objects
        • Distributed database objects overview
        • Cluster architecture
        • Data partitions and replicas
          • Log stream and replica overview
          • Log streams
          • Partition replica type
            • Log stream replica overview
            • Full-featured replica
            • Read-only replicas
            • Columnstore replica
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Cluster-level scaling
          • Tenant-level scaling
      • Data link
        • Data link overview
        • Database proxy
          • Proxy overview
          • SQL routing
          • Connection management
          • ODP configuration management
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Database driver overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
        • Cross-data source access through DBLink
          • DBLink in MySQL-compatible mode
          • DBLink in Oracle-compatible mode
      • User interface and query language
        • SQL
          • Introduction
            • SQL overview
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
          • SQL statements
            • SQL statement overview
            • DDL
            • Monitor DDL execution progress
            • DML
            • DCL
          • SQL request execution process
          • SQL execution plan
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Distributed execution and parallel query
            • Generate distributed plans
            • Enable and disable parallel query
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Optimize parameters for parallel query
        • PL
          • PL concepts
            • Oracle-compatible mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
              • Packages
            • MySQL-compatible mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
          • PL execution mechanism
        • Client programming languages
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Transaction structure
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • Global Timestamp Service (GTS)
          • Transaction control
            • Transaction control overview
            • Active transactions
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Redo logs
          • Local transactions
          • Distributed transaction
            • Distributed transaction overview
            • Two-phase commit
          • XA transactions
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Data concurrency and consistency overview
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Concurrency control
            • Concurrency control overview
            • Lock mechanism
            • Lock Wait Mgr
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Transaction isolation level overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle-compatible mode
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL-compatible mode
          • Weak-consistency read
      • Storage architecture
        • Storage architecture overview
        • Data storage
          • Data storage overview
          • MemTable
          • SSTable
          • Columnar storage
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview of dumping and merging
          • Dump (Mini and minor compactions)
          • Merge (Major compaction)
        • Multi-level caching in shared-nothing architecture
        • Query processing
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • High availability architecture
          • High availability architecture overview
          • ODP high availability
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Paxos protocol
          • Automatic handling of node failures
        • Disaster recovery deployment plan
        • Data protection
          • Data protection overview
          • Flashback queries
          • Recycle bin
        • Backup and restore
          • Backup and restore overview
          • Backup directory structure
          • Backup architecture
          • Restore process
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
      • Database security
        • Security mechanism overview
        • Identity authentication
        • Access control
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Security audit
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration file
        • observer thread model
          • Thread introduction
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Memory management overview
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory-related logs
          • Memory problem diagnosis
        • Plugin mechanism
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Configuration management introduction
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Minor compaction management
          • Dump management overview
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • View minor compaction information
          • Modify minor compaction parameters
        • Major compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Configure scheduled major compactions
          • Adaptive major compactions
          • Manually initiate a major compaction
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • View major compaction information
          • Modify major compaction settings
        • Data compression
          • Overview
          • Data encoding and compression
      • Memory management
        • Memory management overview
        • Memory structure
        • Maximum database memory
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Memory management in a tenant
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Query memory usage information
        • Common memory problems
      • Process management
        • Overview of OceanBase threads
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • View the thread status
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
      • Disk management
        • Configure dynamic expansion of disk data files
        • View the disk space used by a tenant or table
    • Database object management
      • Overview of database object management
      • MySQL-compatible mode
        • Create and manage databases
          • Create a database
          • View databases
          • Modify a database
          • Drop a database
        • Create and manage tables
          • About tables
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Define column constraints
          • Query tables
          • Change a table
          • Change the attribute of a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • About external tables
            • Create an external table
            • Create external table partitions
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Partition overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Partition splitting overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic partition splitting
            • Recommended configurations for automatic partitioning
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Index overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • About indexes
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview of materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
            • Create a materialized view
            • Refresh a materialized view
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
            • Resource isolation for materialized views
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Reference a sequence
          • Modify a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Trigger overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Drop a trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
        • Create and manage catalogs
          • Catalog overview
          • Create a catalog
          • View a catalog
          • Drop a catalog
      • Oracle-compatible mode
        • Create and manage tables
          • About tables
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • About external tables
            • Create an external table
            • Create external table partitions
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Partition overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Partition splitting overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic partition splitting
            • Recommended configurations for automatic partitioning
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Rename a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Index overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • About indexes
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • List of system functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview of materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
            • Create materialized views
            • Refresh a materialized view
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
            • Materialized view resource isolation
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage synonyms
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Trigger overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
        • Manage directories
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Install and configure OCI
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Object naming conventions
        • Overview of object naming conventions
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Other naming conventions
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Table structure design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Other structural designs
      • Character set specifications
      • Database connection specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Exception handling
    • SQL reference
      • Introduction to SQL
      • SQL syntax
        • System tenants
          • Overview
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • ARBITRATION
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BACKUP KEY
            • BACKUP
            • BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
            • BALANCE TASK
            • BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CANCEL VALIDATE
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • CREATE LS
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • DELETE BACKUP ALL
            • DELETE BACKUPSET/ARCHIVELOG_PIECE
            • DELETE OBSOLETE BACKUP
            • LOAD MODULE DATA
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY LS
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
            • FLASHBACK STANDBY LOG
            • JOB
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • PARAMETER
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SERVICE_NAME
            • SWITCHOVER
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • SET SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
            • SET STANDBY TENANT
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • VALIDATE
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • ZONE
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
        • User tenants (MySQL-compatible mode)
          • Basic elements
            • Data types
              • Overview
              • Numeric types
                • Overview
                • Integer data types
                • Fixed-point data types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Bit value data type
              • Datetime types
                • Overview
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • String types
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
                • TEXT types
                • STRING types
                • LOB types
              • ENUM type
              • SET type
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert a JSON data type
                • Update partial JSON data
                • Semi-structured encoding
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • SRS
                • Create a spatial column
                • Create a spatial index
                • Spatial data formats
              • Roaring bitmap types
                • Overview
                • Create an efficient compressed bitmap column
              • Array data types
                • Overview of array element types
                • Create an array column
              • Map data types
                • Overview of the map data type
                • Create map columns
            • Expressions
              • Overview
              • Expression syntax
              • Data type conversion rules
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Character set
              • Collations
              • Database-level character set and collation
              • Table-level character set and collation
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character expression character sets and collations
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULLs
            • Schema object names
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operators
            • Date and time operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • BINARY operator
            • CASE conditional operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • CURDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_ADD
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • BIN
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • CHAR
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • CONCAT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • KEYVALUE
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MD5_CONCAT_WS
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • POSITION
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • SPLIT_PART
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • URL_DECODE
                • URL_ENCODE
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • NORMAL
                • PI
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • UNIFORM
                • ZIPF
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • ARG_MAX
              • ARG_MIN
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WINDOW_FUNNEL
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • LAST_INSERT_ID Behavior Description
              • ICU_VERSION
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
            • JSON functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for creating JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • Functions for searching JSON text
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Functions for modifying JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
              • Functions for returning JSON text properties
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • `JSON_TABLE`
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
            • Table functions
              • Overview of TABLE FUNCTIONS
              • FILES table function
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
              • Geometry processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • Lock functions
              • Overview
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • Bitmap functions
              • Overview
              • RoaringBitmap constructor
              • Bitmap cardinality functions
              • Roaring bitmap operation functions
              • Roaring bitmap judgment functions
              • Roaring bitmap output functions
              • Roaring bitmap aggregate functions
            • Array functions
              • Overview
              • Array constructor functions
              • Array judgment functions
              • Array output functions
              • Array operation functions
            • Text processing functions
              • TOKENIZE
            • Auditing functions
              • Overview
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD_SET
              • AUDIT_LOG_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD_GET
            • Map functions
              • Overview of map functions
              • Mapping constructor
              • Mapping comparison functions and operators
              • Mapping Operation Functions
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • MATCH AGAINST
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Joins
            • Full-text search
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • Common table expressions
            • ALTER COMPILE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER LOCATION
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • VALIDATE
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY
            • ANALYZE
            • CACHE INDEX
            • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL CATALOG
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE LOCATION
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
            • CREATE RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • CREATE EVENT
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP CATALOG
            • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP LOCATION
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP SENSITIVE RULE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • DROP RESTORE POINT
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • FLUSH TABLE
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • INSERT
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REMOVE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SELECT
              • SELECT
              • JOIN clause
              • WINDOW clause
              • UNION clause
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SET
            • SET CATALOG
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • SUBMIT JOB
            • SHOW JOB STATUS
            • CANCEL JOB
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UNLOCK TABLES
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • VALUES
            • XA transaction
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
          • Pseudocolumns
            • Overview
            • PARTITIONID pseudo-column
            • Pseudo columns of sequences
        • User tenants (Oracle-compatible mode)
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • Sequence pseudocolumns
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
            • PARTITIONID pseudo-column
          • Basic elements
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview
              • Character data types
                • Overview
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Precedence of numeric data types
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
              • RAW data type
              • Large object data types
                • Overview
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
                • LOB types
              • Rowid data types
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a column of the JSON data type
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • XML data types
                • Overview
                • XML data definition
                • Create a column of the XMLType data type
                • Query XMLType data
                • Conversion of the XMLType data type
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • Create a spatial column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
                • Create a spatial index
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Datetime literals
                • Date literals
                • Timestamp literals
              • Interval literals
            • Format model
              • Overview
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Remarks about SQL statements
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Use query block name and QB_NAME hint to control query optimization
                • Hint list
                  • Global hints
                    • Optimizer Stats Hint
                    • Transform Hint under the Global Hints category
                    • Other hints in the GLOBAL hint category
                  • Optimized hints
                    • Access path hints
                    • Join order hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Join operation hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Subquery hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Group By Hint in the Optimized Hint category
                    • DISTINCT hint
                    • Set Hint under Optimized Hint
                    • Distributed DML hints in the Optimized Hint category
                  • Transform hints
                    • Stmt Transform Hint
                    • Cost-based transform hints
                    • Heuristics transform hints
                    • Other hints under the TRANSFORM hint type
                  • Outline-related hints
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview
              • Suggestions on schema object names
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
              • Refer to partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
            • Character sets and collations
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operator
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SOUNDEX
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRB
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
                • SCORE
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • INSTRB
                • INSTRC
                • LENGTH
                • LENGTHB
                • LENGTHC
                • POSITION
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND (date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC (date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • CAST
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • RAWTONHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
                • NLS_CHARSET_ID
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
                • TIMESTAMP_NVL
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
              • Large object functions
                • EMPTY_BLOB
                • EMPTY_CLOB
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                  • XMLCONCAT
                  • XMLFOREST
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                  • EXISTSNODE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Spatial functions
                • Overview
                • Constructor functions
                • Spatial query functions
                • Format conversion functions
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WINDOW_FUNNEL
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • GROUPING_ID
            • Analysis functions
              • Overview
              • AVG
              • ARG_MIN
              • ARG_MAX
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
            • Information functions
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
            • Table functions
              • Overview of TABLE FUNCTIONS
              • FILES table function
            • Audit functions
              • Overview of audit functions
              • AUDIT_LOG_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD_SET
              • AUDIT_LOG_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD_GET
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Case expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
          • Conditions
            • Overview
            • Condition precedence
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Simple queries
            • Hierarchical queries
            • Composite queries
            • JOIN queries
            • Subqueries
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
            • Full-text query
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • ALTER LOCATION
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE/DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH CACHE
              • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
              • ALTER SYSTEM SET PARAMETER
              • VALIDATE
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER TABLESPACE
              • ALTER USER
              • ALTER VIEW COMPILE
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE LOCATION
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP LOCATION
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SENSITIVE RULE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • WITH CLAUSE
                • JOIN clause
                • APPLY clause
              • UPDATE
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • AUDIT
              • COMMIT
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REMOVE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SELECT INTO
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statements
          • DML statements
          • DDL statements
          • Multi-table join specifications
          • Table scan
          • Transactions
          • Cache
          • How to use hints
          • Others
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit data type conversion
          • Join tables
          • Read with eventual consistency
          • Pagination
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Data type conversion behavior in MySQL-compatible tenants in strict mode
    • PL reference
      • What is PL
        • Overview
        • Main features of PL
        • PL architecture
      • PL reference (MySQL-compatible mode)
        • Syntax of PL stored programs
        • PL stored procedures
          • Overview
          • Variables in stored programs
          • Stored procedures
          • Stored objects and privilege management
          • Stored functions
          • External storage functions
          • Triggers
          • EVENT
          • Limitations on stored programs
          • SQL Transpiler
          • PL asynchronous commit optimization
        • PL cursors
          • Overview
          • Cursor execution process
          • Limitations on server cursors
        • PL conditional control statements
          • CASE
          • IF
          • ITERATE
          • LEAVE
          • LOOP
          • REPEAT
          • RETURN
          • WHILE
        • PL data manipulation statements
          • CALL
          • DO
        • PL data definition statements
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PROCEDURE
          • DROP TRIGGER
        • PL database management statements
          • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
          • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
          • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
          • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
          • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
          • SHOW TRIGGERS
        • PL related dictionary views
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • DECLARE ... CONDITION
          • DECLARE ... HANDLER
          • GET DIAGNOSTICS
          • RESIGNAL
          • SIGNAL
          • Scope of procedures
          • Diagnostic areas
          • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
          • Limitations on exception handling
        • PL system packages
          • Overview
          • DBMS_AI_SERVICE
            • Overview of DBMS_AI_SERVICE
            • CREATE_AI_MODEL
            • DROP_AI_MODEL
            • CREATE_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
            • ALTER_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
            • DROP_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
          • DBMS_HYBRID_SEARCH
            • Overview of DBMS_HYBRID_SEARCH
            • SEARCH
            • GET_SQL
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
            • KILL_REFRESH
            • REFRESH_REPORT
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STATS
            • Overview
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • DBMS_PARTITION overview
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • System Packages
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
          • DBMS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • ADD_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • DELETE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • UPDATE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
          • DBMS_UDR
            • Overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_VECTOR
            • Overview of DBMS_VECTOR
            • Overview of DBMS_VECTOR
            • REFRESH_INDEX
            • REBUILD_INDEX
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ESTIMATE
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ADVISOR
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview
            • ASH_REPORT
            • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
            • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
            • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_XPROFILE
            • Overview of DBMS_XPROFILE
            • DISPLAY_PROFILE
          • DBMS_BALANCE
            • Overview
            • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
            • SET_TABLEGROUP_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_TABLEGROUP_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
            • Overview
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • DBMS_JAVA
            • Overview of DBMS_JAVA
            • LOADJAVA
            • DROPJAVA
          • DBMS_PYTHON
            • Overview of DBMS_PYTHON
            • DROPPYTHON
            • LOADPYTHON
          • DBMS_DATA_DICT
            • DBMS_DATA_DICT
          • DBMS_SCHEMA
            • Overview of DBMS_SCHEMA
            • RECYCLE_SCHEMA_HISTORY
            • RUN_INSPECTION
        • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
      • PL reference (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • PL language basics
          • Character sets
          • Lexical elements
          • Declaration
          • Reference identifiers
          • Scope and visibility of identifiers
          • Assignment
          • Expressions
          • PL blocks
          • Subprograms
          • Error reporting functions
        • PL data types
          • Overview
          • SQL data types
          • LOB data types
          • BOOLEAN type
          • User-defined subtypes
          • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
          • Arrays
          • PL JSON data types
        • PL process control
          • Overview
          • Conditional control
          • Loop control
          • Sequential control
        • PL collections and records
          • Overview
          • Collections
          • Associative arrays
          • Varrays
          • Nested tables
          • Collection constructors
          • Collection methods
            • Overview
            • DELETE method
            • TRIM method
            • EXTEND method
            • EXISTS method
            • FIRST and LAST methods
            • COUNT method
            • LIMIT method
            • PRIOR and NEXT methods
          • RECORD
          • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
          • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
        • PL static SQL
          • Overview
          • Cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor attributes
            • Implicit cursors
            • Explicit cursor
            • Cursor variables
            • Use the FOR loop to traverse a cursor
            • Modify and drop a cursor
          • Transaction processing and control
          • Autonomous transactions
            • Overview of autonomous transactions
            • Control autonomous transactions
            • Autonomous triggers
            • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
          • FORALL bulk execution
        • PL dynamic SQL
          • Overview
          • Execute dynamic SQL
          • DBMS_SQL system package
        • PL stored procedures and functions
          • Overview
          • Create a stored procedure
          • Create a function
          • Manage stored procedures and functions
          • Privilege control
          • Pipeline functions
            • Overview
            • Create a pipelined function
            • Applications
          • SQL Transpiler
          • User-defined functions
            • Overview
            • Interfaces of user-defined aggregate functions
            • Create a user-defined aggregate function
            • Use user-defined aggregate functions
          • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
          • PL Database Link
          • PL asynchronous commit optimization
          • External storage functions
        • PL triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Modify and drop triggers
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • INSTEAD OF DML triggers
          • Composite DML triggers
          • System triggers
        • PL packages
          • Overview
          • Create a package
          • Overloaded programs in a package
          • Manage packages
          • PL environment definitions in the STANDARD package
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • Compile-time warnings
          • Exception types
          • Exception handling
        • DDL operations on stored PL units
          • Overview
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • ALTER PACKAGE
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • ALTER TRIGGER
          • ALTER TYPE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PACKAGE
          • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • CREATE TYPE
          • CREATE TYPE BODY
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PACKAGE
          • DROP PROCEDURE
          • DROP TRIGGER
          • DROP TYPE
          • DROP TYPE BODY
        • PL label security package
          • Overview
          • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
          • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
            • Overview
            • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
          • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
          • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
          • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
          • SA_SESSION session management package
            • Overview
            • SA_SESSION.LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
            • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
        • PL system package (Oracle-compatible mode)
          • Overview
          • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
            • Overview
            • READ_CLIENT_INFO
            • READ_MODULE
            • SET_ACTION
            • SET_CLIENT_INFO
            • SET_MODULE
          • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
            • Overview
            • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
            • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
            • DROP_PURGE_JOB
            • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
            • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
          • DBMS_BALANCE
            • Overview
            • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
          • DBMS_CRYPTO
            • Overview
            • ENCRYPT
            • DECRYPT
            • HASH
          • DBMS_DEBUG
            • Overview
            • ATTACH_SESSION
            • CONTINUE
            • DEBUG_ON
            • DEBUG_OFF
            • DETACH_SESSION
            • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
            • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • GET_VALUE
            • GET_VALUES
            • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
            • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • INITIALIZE
            • PROBE_VERSION
            • PRINT_BACKTRACE
            • SET_TIMEOUT
            • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • SET_BREAKPOINT
            • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
          • DBMS_DESCRIBE
            • Overview
            • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
          • DBMS_LOB
            • Overview of DBMS_LOB
            • APPEND
            • CLOSE
            • COPY
            • CREATETEMPORARY
            • ERASE
            • FREETEMPORARY
            • GETLENGTH
            • ISOPEN
            • INSTR
            • ISTEMPORARY
            • OPEN
            • READ
            • SUBSTR
            • TRIM
            • WRITE
            • WRITEAPPEND
          • DBMS_LOCK
            • DBMS_LOCK overview
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
            • REQUEST
            • SLEEP
            • RELEASE
          • DBMS_METADATA
            • Overview of DBMS_METADATA
            • GET_DDL
            • GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
            • KILL_REFRESH
            • REFRESH_REPORT
          • DBMS_MONITOR
            • Overview
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
            • Overview
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_OUTPUT
            • Overview
            • DISABLE
            • ENABLE
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_LINES
            • NEW_LINE
            • PUT
            • PUT_LINE
          • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
            • Overview
            • PURGE
          • DBMS_PLSQL_CODE_COVERAGE
            • Overview of DBMS_PLSQL_CODE_COVERAGE
            • START_COVERAGE
            • STOP_COVERAGE
            • CREATE_COVERAGE_TABLES
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • Overview of DBMS_PARTITION
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RANDOM
            • Overview
            • INITIALIZE
            • NORMAL
            • RANDOM
            • SEED
            • STRING
            • TERMINATE
            • VALUE
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_SCHEDULER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_JOB
            • CREATE_JOB_CLASS
            • CREATE_PROGRAM
            • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
            • DISABLE
            • DROP_JOB
            • DROP_JOB_CLASS
            • DROP_PROGRAM
            • ENABLE
            • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
            • PURGE_LOG
            • RUN_JOB
            • SET_ATTRIBUTE
            • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
            • STOP_JOB
          • DBMS_SCHEMA
            • Overview of DBMS_SCHEMA
            • RECYCLE_SCHEMA_HISTORY
            • RUN_INSPECTION
          • DBMS_SESSION
            • Overview of DBMS_SESSION
            • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
            • RESET_PACKAGE
            • SET_CONTEXT
            • SET_IDENTIFIER
            • SESSION_IS_ROLE_ENABLED
            • IS_ROLE_ENABLED
          • DBMS_SQL
            • Overview
            • BIND_VARIABLE
            • CLOSE_CURSOR
            • COLUMN_VALUE
            • DEFINE_COLUMN
            • DEFINE_ARRAY
            • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
            • EXECUTE
            • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
            • FETCH_ROWS
            • IS_OPEN
            • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
            • OPEN_CURSOR
            • PARSE
            • VARIABLE_VALUE
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • COPY_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
          • DBMS_UDR
            • Overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_UTILITY
            • Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
            • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
            • CURRENT_INSTANCE
            • DB_VERSION
            • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
            • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
            • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
            • GET_ENDIANNESS
            • GET_HASH_VALUE
            • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
            • GET_SQL_HASH
            • GET_TIME
            • IS_BIT_SET
            • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
            • NAME_RESOLVE
            • NAME_TOKENIZE
            • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
            • OLD_CURRENT_USER
            • PORT_STRING
            • TABLE_TO_COMMA
            • COMMA_TO_TABLE
            • VALIDATE
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview
            • ASH_REPORT
          • DBMS_XA
            • Overview
            • DBMS_XA constants
            • DBMS_XA_XID object type
            • DIST_TXN_SYNC
            • XA_COMMIT
            • XA_END
            • XA_FORGET
            • XA_GETLASTOER
            • XA_PREPARE
            • XA_RECOVER
            • XA_ROLLBACK
            • XA_SETTIMEOUT
            • XA_START
          • DBMS_XMLDOM
            • Overview of DBMS_XMLDOM
            • DOMDOCUMENT
            • DOMNODE
            • DOMNODELIST
            • FREEDOCUMENT
            • GETCHILDNODES
            • GETELEMENTSBYTAGNAME
            • GETLENGTH
            • GETNODEVALUE
            • ITEM
            • DOMATTR
            • DOMELEMENT
            • DOMTEXT
            • DOMCHARACTERDATA
            • NEWDOMDOCUMENT
            • CREATEELEMENT
            • CREATETEXTNODE
            • MAKENODE
            • MAKECHARACTERDATA
            • APPENDCHILD
            • REMOVECHILD
            • GETFIRSTCHILD
            • GETDOCUMENTELEMENT
            • GETNODENAME
            • GETLOCALNAME
            • GETNODETYPE
            • GETDATA
            • ISNULL
            • SETATTRIBUTE
            • SETCHARSET
            • SETVERSION
            • WRITETOBUFFER
            • WRITETOCLOB
          • DBMS_XMLGEN
            • Overview
            • CONVERT
          • DBMS_XMLPARSER
            • Overview of DBMS_XMLPARSER
            • PARSER
            • NEWPARSER
            • PARSECLOB
            • GETDOCUMENT
            • FREEPARSER
            • PARSEBUFFER
          • DBMS_PROFILER
            • Overview
            • START_PROFILER
            • STOP_PROFILER
            • PAUSE_PROFILER
            • RESUME_PROFILER
            • FLUSH_DATA
            • GET_VERSION
            • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
            • ROLLUP_UNIT
            • ROLLUP_RUN
            • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
            • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_XPROFILE
            • Overview of DBMS_XPROFILE
            • DISPLAY_PROFILE
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • DBMS_DDL
            • Overview of DBMS_DDL
            • WRAP
            • CREATE_WRAPPED
          • ODCIConst
            • Overview
            • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
            • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
            • ODCIEnv.Envflags
            • ODCIIndexAlter
            • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
            • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
            • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
            • Return Status
            • ScnFlg
          • UTL_ENCODE
            • Overview
            • BASE64_DECODE
            • BASE64_ENCODE
          • UTL_FILE
            • Overview of UTL_FILE
            • FCLOSE
            • FCOPY
            • FCLOSE_ALL
            • FFLUSH
            • FOPEN
            • FOPEN_NCHAR
            • FGETPOS
            • FGETATTR
            • FREMOVE
            • FRENAME
            • FSEEK
            • NEW_LINE
            • NEW_LINE_NCHAR
            • GET_RAW
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_LINE_NCHAR
            • PUT
            • PUT_RAW
            • PUT_LINE
            • PUT_NCHAR
            • PUT_LINE_NCHAR
            • PUTF
            • PUTF_NCHAR
            • IS_OPEN
          • UTL_I18N
            • Overview
            • RAW_TO_CHAR
            • STRING_TO_RAW
          • UTL_RECOMP
            • Overview
            • RECOMP_PARALLEL
            • RECOMP_SERIAL
            • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • PARALLEL_SLAVE
          • UTL_RAW
            • Overview
            • BIT_AND
            • BIT_COMPLEMENT
            • BIT_OR
            • BIT_XOR
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_TO_NUMBER
            • CAST_TO_RAW
            • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
            • COMPARE
            • CONCAT
            • COPIES
            • LENGTH
            • REVERSE
            • SUBSTR
            • TRANSLATE
          • UTL_TCP
            • Overview of UTL_TCP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
            • WRITE_LINE
            • WRITE_TEXT
            • WRITE_RAW
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_TEXT
          • UTL_SMTP
            • Overview of UTL_SMTP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • QUIT
            • AUTH
            • COMMAND
            • COMMAND_REPLIES
            • HELO
            • EHLO
            • MAIL
            • RCPT
            • OPEN_DATA
            • WRITE_DATA
            • WRITE_RAW_DATA
            • CLOSE_DATA
            • DATA
            • VRFY
            • HELP
            • NOOP
            • RSET
          • UTL_HTTP
            • Overview of UTL_HTTP
            • BEGIN_REQUEST
            • END_REQUEST
            • GET_RESPONSE
            • END_RESPONSE
            • READ_LINE
            • READ_RAW
            • READ_TEXT
            • WRITE_LINE
            • WRITE_RAW
            • WRITE_TEXT
            • SET_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT
            • GET_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT
          • ANYDATA TYPE
            • Overview of the ANYDATA type
            • BEGINCREATE static procedure
            • ENDCREATE member procedure
            • GET* member functions
            • GETTYPE member function
            • GETTYPENAME member function
            • PIECEWISE member procedure
            • SET* member procedures
          • XMLType
            • Overview
            • CREATEXML
            • GETCLOBVAL
            • GETSTRINGVAL
            • TRANSFORM
            • XMLTYPE
            • EXISTSNODE
            • EXTRACT
            • TOOBJECT
        • Reserved PL keywords
    • System views
      • Overview
      • Overview of system views
      • View changes between V3.x and V4.x
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.TRIGGERS
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_MVIEW_DEPS
          • CDB_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.CDB_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • CDB_MVIEWS
          • CDB_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • CDB_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVER_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_JAVA_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRUSTED_ROOT_CERTIFICATE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.USER_JAVA_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LICENSE
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_HNSW_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_LS_LOG_REPLAY_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_LOG_TRANSPORT_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLUGINS
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • gv$tenant
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$UNIT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_HNSW_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_REPLAY_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_TRANSPORT_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PLUGINS
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • V$UNIT
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.TRIGGERS
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_JAVA_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.USER_JAVA_POLICY
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_HNWS_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_LS_LOG_REPLAY_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_LOG_TRANSPORT_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_HNWS_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_REPLAY_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_TRANSPORT_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • ALL_LOCATIONS
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • ALL_MVIEW_LOGS
          • ALL_MVIEWS
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • ALL_OB_SOURCE
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • DBA_JAVA_POLICY
          • DBA_JOBS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_PL_OBJ_CACHE_STATUS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_SPATIAL_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • DBA_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • DBA_WR_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • USER_ERRORS
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_JOBS
          • USER_MVIEW_LOGS
          • USER_MVIEWS
          • USER_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • USER_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
          • USER_JAVA_POLICY
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_LS_LOG_REPLAY_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_LOG_TRANSPORT_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_REPLAY_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_TRANSPORT_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$VERSION
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Monitoring Items Overview
      • General wait events
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Changes to parameters and system variables in V3.x and V4.x
      • Parameters
        • Overview of parameters
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • alert_log_level
          • all_cluster_list
          • all_server_list
          • arbitration_degradation_policy
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • async_ps_cursor_max_count
          • backup_backup_dest
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • backup_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • backup_recovery_window
          • backup_region
          • backup_zone
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • balancer_log_interval
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • bf_cache_priority
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_io_isolation_mode
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • cluster
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • das_batch_rpc_delay_us
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • election_cpu_quota
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_dblink
          • enable_ddl
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_log_archive
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_manual_merge
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_error_msg_style
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_perf_event
          • enable_pg
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • enable_rpc_authentication_bypass
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • external_table_disk_cache_max_percentage
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • io_scheduler_thread_count
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_disk_percentage
          • log_disk_size
          • log_storage_warning_trigger_percentage
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_px_worker_count
          • max_string_print_length
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • merge_thread_count
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migrate_concurrency
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • minor_freeze_times
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • ob_python_home
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
          • ob_enable_java_env
          • ob_java_home
          • ob_java_connector_path
          • ob_java_opts
          • ob_enable_utl_http
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • px_task_size
          • plugins_load
          • prometheus_metrics_port
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_list
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sync_io_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • syslog_compress_func
          • syslog_disk_size
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • syslog_sync_size_threshold
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • system_trace_level
          • tableapi_transport_compress_func
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • unit_gc_wait_time
          • use_large_pages
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • utl_file_open_max
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • approx_count_distinct_precision
          • audit_log_buffer_size
          • audit_log_compression
          • audit_log_enable
          • audit_log_encryption
          • audit_log_format
          • audit_log_max_size
          • audit_log_path
          • audit_log_prune_seconds
          • audit_log_query_sql
          • audit_log_rotate_on_size
          • audit_log_strategy
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • auto_split_tablet_size
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • ddl_thread_score
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • default_load_mode
          • default_micro_block_format_version
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • default_skip_index_level
          • default_table_merge_engine
          • default_table_organization
          • default_table_store_format
          • direct_load_allow_fallback
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_adaptive_plan_cache
          • enable_auto_split
          • enable_clog_encryption
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • enable_database_sharding_none
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • enable_hbase_rowkey_ttl
          • enable_pl_rich_error_msg
          • enable_gts_standalone
          • enable_kv_group_commit
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • enable_lock_priority
          • enable_mlog_auto_maintenance
          • enable_monotonic_weak_read
          • enable_mv_binlog_minimal_mode
          • enable_ls_leader_balance
          • enable_rebalance
          • enable_sql_extension
          • enable_standby_semi_sync
          • enable_transfer
          • enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
          • enable_ps_parameterize
          • external_kms_info
          • external_table_io_hole_size
          • external_table_io_range_size
          • external_table_csv_max_buffer_size
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • global_index_auto_split_policy
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • io_category_config
          • job_queue_processes
          • json_document_max_depth
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • kv_group_commit_batch_size
          • kv_group_commit_rw_mode
          • kv_hbase_client_scanner_timeout_period
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • load_data_diagnosis_log_compression
          • load_data_diagnosis_log_max_size
          • load_vector_index_on_follower
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • ls_scale_out_factor
          • major_compact_trigger
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • max_partition_num
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • mds_compaction_high_thread_score
          • mds_compaction_mid_thread_score
          • mds_minor_compact_trigger
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • mlog_trim_interval
          • mv_refresh_concurrency
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_encoding_granularity
          • ob_enable_java_udf
          • ob_enable_python_udf
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • ob_vector_memory_limit_percentage
          • ob_vector_search_strategy
          • open_cursors
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • px_node_policy
          • package_state_sync_max_size
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • query_memory_limit_percentage
          • query_response_time_flush
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • query_response_time_stats
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • recover_table_concurrency
          • recover_table_dop
          • replica_parallel_migration_mode
          • result_cache_max_size
          • result_cache_max_result
          • ob_result_cache_evict_percentage
          • ob_deterministic_udf_cache_max_size
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • schema_history_archive_expire_time
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • spill_compression_codec
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • sts_credential
          • tde_method
          • tenant_sql_login_thread_count
          • tenant_sql_net_thread_count
          • temporary_file_max_disk_size
          • storage_rowsets_size
          • ttl_thread_score
          • undo_retention
          • vector_index_memory_saving_mode
          • vector_index_optimize_duty_time
          • workarea_size_policy
          • writing_throttling_maximum_duration
          • writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
          • zone_deploy_mode
          • zone_disk_balance_tolerance_percentage
      • System variables
        • Overview
        • Global variables
          • activate_all_roles_on_login
          • auto_increment_cache_size
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
          • autocommit
          • automatic_sp_privileges
          • binlog_row_image
          • block_encryption_mode
          • character_set_client
          • character_set_connection
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • caching_sha2_password_digest_rounds
          • character_set_database
          • character_set_filesystem
          • character_set_results
          • character_set_server
          • character_set_system
          • collation_connection
          • collation_database
          • collation_server
          • connect_timeout
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • cursor_sharing
          • datadir
          • default_authentication_plugin
          • default_password_lifetime
          • default_storage_engine
          • div_precision_increment
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • event_scheduler
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • ENABLE_OPTIMIZER_ROWGOAL
          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • identity
          • init_connect
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • interactive_timeout
          • json_float_full_precision
          • license
          • lc_time_names
          • log_row_value_options
          • long_query_time
          • lower_case_table_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_connections
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • max_execution_time
          • mview_refresh_dop
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_characterset
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • ob_default_replica_num
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • ob_enable_ps_parameter_anonymous_block
          • ob_enable_pl_async_commit
          • ob_enable_parameter_anonymous_block
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • ob_route_policy
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • ob_table_access_policy
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • ob_udf_cost_factor
          • ob_udf_selectivity
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • ob_security_version
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_max_servers
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • parallel_servers_target
          • performance_schema
          • partition_index_dive_limit
          • plugin_dir
          • plsql_ccflags
          • pid_file
          • query_cache_size
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_can_transform_sql_to_assign
          • port
          • query_cache_type
          • query_rewrite_enabled
          • query_rewrite_integrity
          • read_only
          • range_index_dive_limit
          • recyclebin
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • resource_manager_plan
          • socket
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • secure_file_priv
          • server_uuid
          • session_track_schema
          • session_track_state_change
          • session_track_system_variables
          • sql_auto_is_null
          • sql_mode
          • sql_quote_show_create
          • sql_safe_updates
          • sql_select_limit
          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • sql_throttle_network
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • SQL_TRANSPILER
          • sql_warnings
          • system_time_zone
          • time_zone
          • transaction_isolation
          • transaction_read_only
          • tx_isolation
          • tx_read_only
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • validate_password_length
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • validate_password_number_count
          • validate_password_policy
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • version
          • version_comment
          • wait_timeout
        • Session-level variables
          • enable_sql_plan_monitor
          • is_result_accurate
          • last_insert_id
          • nls_language
          • ob_capability_flag
          • ob_enable_show_trace
          • ob_hnsw_ef_search
          • ob_ivf_nprobes
          • ob_last_schema_version
          • ob_org_cluster_id
          • ob_sparse_drop_ratio_search
          • ob_proxy_partition_hit
          • ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
          • ob_trace_info
          • timestamp
          • tracefile_identifier
    • Error codes
      • MySQL-compatible mode
        • Overview
        • 0001 ~ 3999
        • 4000 ~ 4499
        • 4500 ~ 4999
        • 5000 ~ 5999
        • 6000 ~ 6999
        • 7000 ~ 7999
        • 8000 ~ 8999
        • 9000 ~ 9499
        • 9500 ~ 9999
        • 10000 ~ 12000
        • 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
      • Oracle-compatible mode
        • Overview
        • OBE-00000 ~ OBE-00999
        • OBE-01000 ~ OBE-01499
        • OBE-01500 ~ OBE-01999
        • OBE-02000 ~ OBE-04999
        • OBE-05000 ~ OBE-10000
        • OBE-10000 ~ OBE-19999
        • OBE-20000 ~ OBE-29999
        • OBE-30000 ~ OBE-49999
        • OBE-50000 ~ OBE-99999
        • PLS-00000 ~ PLS-00999
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Performance related tools
        • System tools
          • Top general tool
          • CPU tools
          • Memory tools
          • Disk I/O tools
          • Network tools
        • Internal tables
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
        • Logs
          • slow trans
          • dump tenant info
          • Trace logs
        • OCP
      • System tuning
        • OS parameter tuning
        • Database parameter tuning
          • CPU-related parameters
          • I/O-related parameters
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Network transmission related parameters
        • ODP parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • Network transmission related parameters
          • Routing parameters on nodes
      • Business model tuning
        • Load balancing
        • SQL diagnostics
        • Distributed transactions
      • Performance diagnosis
        • Cluster performance diagnosis
        • Diagnose tenant performance
        • Monitor ODP performance
        • Monitor host performance
        • WR management
          • Overview
          • Manage WR
          • Monitor historical session performance
          • Clean up WR data
        • ASH report
          • ASH
          • Generate an ASH report
          • Analyze an ASH report
          • ASH best practices
      • SQL tuning
        • Execution process of SQL queries
        • SQL execution plans
          • Introduction to SQL execution plans
          • Fast parameterization
          • Execution plan cache
          • Execution plan operators
            • TABLE SCAN
            • JOIN
            • COUNT
            • GROUP BY
            • WINDOW FUNCTION
            • SUBPLAN FILTER
            • DISTINCT
            • SEQUENCE
            • MATERIAL
            • SORT
            • LIMIT
            • FOR UPDATE
            • SELECT INTO
            • SUBPLAN SCAN
            • UNION
            • INTERSECT
            • EXCEPT/MINUS
            • INSERT
            • DELETE
            • UPDATE
            • MERGE
            • EXCHANGE
            • GI
          • Display execution plans in real time
          • SQL optimization practice with EXPLAIN
        • Distributed execution plans
          • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
          • Generate a distributed plan
          • Schedule distributed execution plans
          • Manage distributed execution plans
          • Parallel execution enabling methods and their priority
          • Auto DOP
          • Execute parallel queries
          • Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
          • Parallel DML
          • Parallel DDL
        • Parallel execution plans
          • Introduction to parallel execution
          • Classification and optimization of parallel execution
          • Set concurrent execution
            • Concurrency control and queuing
            • Set a DOP for parallel execution
            • Set parallel execution parameters
          • Parallel execution diagnostics
          • Parallel execution tuning tips
          • Quick start
        • SQL tuning
          • Overview of SQL tuning
          • General procedure
          • SQL execution performance monitoring
            • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
            • SQL Trace
            • Plan cache views
            • SQL performance analysis example
              • Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
              • Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
              • View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
              • Analyze slow SQL queries
              • Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
              • Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find the TOP N SQL queries
              • Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
              • Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
              • Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a certain period
              • Analyze queries related to distributed plans
              • Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
          • Optimizer statistics
            • Overview of statistics
            • Statistics collection methods
              • Overview of statistics collection methods
              • Histograms
              • Manually collect statistics
              • Automatic statistics collection
              • Asynchronous statistics collection
              • Online statistics collection
              • Dynamic sampling
            • Statistics management
              • Overview
              • Delete statistics
              • Set statistics
              • Import and export statistics
              • Lock and unlock statistics
              • Manage statistics history
              • Manage statistics preferences
            • Collection and update strategy for partitioned table statistics
            • Monitoring and diagnostics for statistics collection
            • OceanBase statistics management practical guide
          • Query rewrite
            • Overview
            • Rule-based query rewrite
            • Cost-based query rewrite
          • Query optimization
            • Access path
              • Overview
              • Rule-based path selection
              • Cost-based path selection
            • Join algorithm
              • Overview
              • Join algorithms
              • Runtime filter
              • Join order
          • Manage execution plans
            • Optimizer hints
            • Plan binding
            • SQL execution plan management (SPM)
        • Glossary
        • General issues in SQL tuning
    • Performance testing
      • OceanBase Sysbench testing
        • OceanBase Sysbench high-performance parameter configuration
        • OceanBase Sysbench performance issue analysis
      • OceanBase TPC-H testing
        • OceanBase Database TPC-H testing
        • OceanBase Database TPC-H benchmark report
    • Database proxy
      • OceanBase Database Proxy
      • Connection and routing
      • ODP
        • Overview
        • Manage ODP clusters
          • Create an ODP cluster
          • Manage ODP cluster parameters
          • Delete an ODP cluster
          • Upgrade all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Restart all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Manage OceanBase clusters connected to an ODP cluster
          • Monitor ODP cluster performance
        • Manage ODP
          • Add an ODP
          • Start an ODP
          • Refresh ODP configurations
          • Stop an ODP
          • Restart an ODP
          • Delete an ODP
          • Upgrade one or more ODPs
        • ODP startup parameters
      • Physical connections
      • Logical connection
        • Query all sessions
        • Query the details of a session
        • Query the metrics of a session
        • Query session variables
        • Terminate a server session
      • Route management
        • Table-based routing of ODP
        • LDC-based routing
        • ODP routing policy
          • Read/Write splitting
          • Follower-first read
          • Blocklist mechanism
          • Transaction routing
      • View tenant sessions
      • Terminate a tenant session
      • Set the maximum number of connections for a tenant
    • Drivers
      • ECOB
      • OBCI
      • OceanBase Connector/J
      • OceanBase Connector/C
      • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
    • Platforms
      • OMA
      • OMS
      • OCP
      • OceanBase Developer Center (ODC)
      • OAT
    • Components & tools
      • O&M management
        • obshell
          • Use cases
            • obshell management
              • Start or stop obshell
              • Upgrade obshell
            • cluster management
              • Deploy an OceanBase cluster
              • Deploy ODP
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  4. V4.4.2

9000 ~ 9499

Last Updated:2026-09-23 11:17:30

ERROR 9001 (HY000): URI error
ERROR 9002 (HY000): OSS file MD5 error
ERROR 9003 (HY000): OSS error
ERROR 9004 (HY000): Init MD5 fail
ERROR 9005 (HY000): Out of element
ERROR 9006 (HY000): Update MD5 fail
ERROR 9007 (HY000): Invalid OSS file length
ERROR 9010 (HY000): OSS file MD5 not match
ERROR 9011 (HY000): cannot find backup file
ERROR 9012 (HY000): Can not get data version from timestamp
ERROR 9013 (HY000): Write OSS file error
ERROR 9014 (HY000): Another restore is in progress
ERROR 9016 (HY000): ob cluster name not equal
ERROR 9017 (HY000): rs list invalid
ERROR 9018 (HY000): agent has failed task
ERROR 9019 (HY000): restore partition is complete
ERROR 9020 (HY000 ): restore partition twice
ERROR 9022 (HY000): physical backup switch is on
ERROR 9023 (HY000): cannot start log archive backup
ERROR 9024 (HY000): log archive backup is already disabled
ERROR 9025 (HY000): log archive backup info not exists
ERROR 9026 (HY000): %s is not a valid uri
ERROR 9027 (HY000): ob log archive interrupted
ERROR 9028 (HY000): ob log archive stat not match
ERROR 9029 (HY000): log archive is not running
ERROR 9030 (HY000): log archive invalid round
ERROR 9031 (HY000): Cannot backup ob replica
ERROR 9032 (HY000): backup info not exists
ERROR 9033 (HY000): Backup meta info stored in system dictionary does not match with current system status
ERROR 9035 (HY000): restore index failed
ERROR 9036 (HY000): Backup is in progress
ERROR 9037 (HY000): log archive status is not valid
ERROR 9038 (HY000): Cannot add replica during set member list in restore
ERROR 9039 (HY000): pg log archive leader changed
ERROR 9040 (HY000): backup can not start
ERROR 9041 (HY000): cancel backup do not allow
ERROR 9042 (HY000): backup data version gap over limit
ERROR 9044 (HY000): delete backup data is in progress
ERROR 9045 (HY000): delete backup set do not allow
ERROR 9046 (HY000): backup set id is not valid
ERROR 9047 (HY000): invalid password for backup
ERROR 9048 (HY000): backup set is isolated by two log archive round
ERROR 9049 (HY000): backup status is stopped, can not cancel
ERROR 9050 (HY000): no backup data to be backuped up
ERROR 9051 (HY000): backup mount file is not valid
ERROR 9052 (HY000): backup clean info not match
ERROR 9053 (HY000): cancel delete backup do not allow
ERROR 9054 (HY000): backup clean info not exists
ERROR 9057 (HY000): can not set backup region, because %s
ERROR 9058 (HY000): can not set backup zone, because %s
ERROR 9059 (HY000): backup backup has reached max backup times
ERROR 9060 (HY000): COS error
ERROR 9061 (HY000): IO limit
ERROR 9062 (HY000): reach backup backup copy limit
ERROR 9063 (HY000): backup io is prohibited
ERROR 9064 (HY000): the archive log and backup data are not continuous
ERROR 9065 (HY000): agent has suspended
ERROR 9066 (HY000): %.*s is conflict with %.*s
ERROR 9069 (HY000): deleting backup piece is not allowed
ERROR 9070 (HY000): can not connect to backup destination
ERROR 9071 (HY000): no I/O operation permission at the backup destination
ERROR 9072 (HY000): obesi process session conflicts
ERROR 9073 (HY000): external storage OBS error
ERROR 9074 (HY000): backup validation task skipped
ERROR 9075 (HY000): obesi process io error
ERROR 9076 (HY000): backup meta index does not exist
ERROR 9077 (HY000): log discontinuous between two archive rounds
ERROR 9078 (HY000): archive log is to end
ERROR 9079 (HY000): archive log had been recycled
ERROR 9080 (HY000): format file does not exist%s
ERROR 9081 (HY000): format file does not match%s
ERROR 9082 (HY000): backup device out of space
ERROR 9083 (HY000): the pwrite offset of the object storage is inconsistent
ERROR 9084 (HY000): the contents of pwrite are inconsistent
ERROR 9085 (HY000): backup major SSTable range not cover minor SSTable
ERROR 9086 (HY000): backup advance checkpoint by flush timeout
ERROR 9087(HY000): observer clog is recycled before archive
ERROR 9088 (HY000): log restore source tenant state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9089 (HY000): log restore source LS state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9090 (HY000): obesi process session not exist
ERROR 9091 (HY000): Already in ARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9092 (HY000): Already in NOARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9096 (HY000): standby binary version is lower than primary data version, standby need upgrade
ERROR 9097 (HY000): primary tenant has been dropped
ERROR 9098 (HY000): normal object in object_storage(oss,cos,etc.) can't be appended content
ERROR 9099 (HY000): %s restore failed, %s
ERROR 9100 (HY000): no such file or directory
ERROR 9101 (HY000): file or directory already exist
ERROR 9105 (HY000): S3 error
ERROR 9106 (HY000): Tenant snapshot '%.*s' does not exist
ERROR 9107 (HY000): Tenant snapshot '%.*s' already exist
ERROR 9108 (HY000): Tenant snapshot task timeout. %.*s
ERROR 9111 (HY000): Tenant snapshot task failed", "%.*s
ERROR 9112 (HY000): Tenant snapshot lock conflict", "%s
ERROR 9113 (HY000): checksum type %s is not supported for the input destination
ERROR 9114 (HY000): storage destination is not valid
ERROR 9115 (HY000): can not connect to storage destination
ERROR 9116 (HY000): no I/O operation permission of the object storage
ERROR 9117 (HY000): the specified s3_region does not match the endpoint
ERROR 9118 (HY000): object storage endpoint is invalid
ERROR 9129 (HY000): object storage io error
ERROR 9133 (HY000): Backup zone or backup idc or backup region invalid
ERROR 9135 (HY000):tmp file exceeds disk quota
ERROR 9136 (HY000): Backup missing mview dependent tablet sstable, sstable maybe recycled
ERROR 9139 (HY000): kms destination is not valid
ERROR 9140 (HY000): the object is locked by worm
ERROR 9141 (HY000): the resource has been released
ERROR 9142 (HY000): the object can not be overwritten with different content
ERROR 9144 (HY000): Unexpected macro cache file
ERROR 9147 (HY000): can not access backup set file
ERROR 9148 (HY000): disk quota is exceeded
ERROR 9149 (HY000): backup dest is not allowed to set when log_only policy exists
ERROR 9150 (HY000): log_only policy is not allowed to set when backup dest exists
ERROR 9151 (HY000): backup clean can not start, because %s
ERROR 9152 (HY000): backup device may be not mounted, %s did not read any data written by %s
ERROR 9153 (HY000): backup device is not read and write strongly consistent. %s did not read the latest data written by %s.
ERROR 9159 (HY000): available data backup set is not found
ERROR 9162 (HY000): can not find any backup set or archive piece
ERROR 9200 (HY000): Extend ssblock file to smaller is not allowed
ERROR 9201 (HY000): Mark blocks timeout(5s) in auto extend process when alloc block fail
ERROR 9202 (HY000): Auto extend param is not ready to start extending file

This range indicates backup and restore error codes and STORAGE 3.0 error codes.

ERROR 9001 (HY000): URI error

  • OceanBase error code: 9001

  • Cause: The destination link specified in the backup and restore settings may be incorrect.

  • Solution: Check the backup and restore configurations and modify them as needed.

ERROR 9002 (HY000): OSS file MD5 error

  • OceanBase error code: 9002

  • Cause: Data verification for the OSS file failed. This may indicate an abnormality with the data on OSS.

  • Solution: Contact OSS technical support to investigate the specific cause.

ERROR 9003 (HY000): OSS error

  • OceanBase error code: 9003

  • Cause: An unknown error occurred in OSS.

  • Solution: Contact OSS technical support to investigate the specific cause.

ERROR 9004 (HY000): Init MD5 fail

  • OceanBase error code: 9004

  • Cause: OpenSSL initialization MD5 error.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for assistance in troubleshooting.

ERROR 9005 (HY000): Out of element

  • OceanBase error code: 9005

  • Cause: Exceeded the shard limit.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for assistance in troubleshooting.

ERROR 9006 (HY000): Update MD5 fail

  • OceanBase error code: 9006

  • Cause: MD5 update failed.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9007 (HY000): Invalid OSS file length

  • OceanBase error code: 9007

  • Cause: The OSS file length is invalid, possibly due to an incorrect OSS file.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9010 (HY000): OSS file MD5 not match

  • OceanBase error code: 9010

  • Cause: The OSS file checksum does not match, possibly due to abnormal OSS data or a bug in the backup and recovery program.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9011 (HY000): cannot find backup file

  • OceanBase error code: 9011

  • Cause: The backup file cannot be found, possibly due to incorrect backup and recovery configuration.

  • Solution: Check the backup and recovery configurations and modify them as needed.

ERROR 9012 (HY000): Can not get data version from timestamp

  • OceanBase error code: 9012

  • Cause: The data version parameter is not passed in logical restore.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9013 (HY000): Write OSS file error

  • OceanBase error code: 9013

  • Cause: An exception occurred while writing to the OSS file, possibly due to an unknown issue with OSS.

  • Solution: Contact OSS Technical Support to investigate the specific cause.

ERROR 9014 (HY000): Another restore is in progress

  • OceanBase error code: 9014

  • Cause: A tenant with the same name already exists for the tenant to be restored.

  • Solution: Check whether the username of the tenant to be restored is duplicated. If so, use a non-duplicated tenant name.

ERROR 9016 (HY000): ob cluster name not equal

  • OceanBase error code: 9016

  • Cause: The cluster name and URL do not match for the logical backup.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9017 (HY000): rs list invalid

  • OceanBase error code: 9017

  • Cause: The RS list is invalid, possibly due to an incorrect specified RS list.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9018 (HY000): agent has failed task

  • OceanBase error code: 9018

  • Cause: There are failed tasks in the logical backup.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9019 (HY000): restore partition is complete

  • OceanBase error code: 9019

  • Cause: A restore task has been repeatedly scheduled for a partition that has already been restored.

  • Solution: No action required.

ERROR 9020 (HY000 ): restore partition twice

  • OceanBase error code: 9020

  • Cause: A restore task has been repeatedly scheduled for a partition that has already been restored.

  • Solution: No action required.

ERROR 9022 (HY000): physical backup switch is on

  • OceanBase error code: 9022

  • Cause: Tables are delayed for deletion during physical backup.

  • Solution: No action is required. The files will be automatically deleted after physical backup is completed.

ERROR 9023 (HY000): cannot start log archive backup

  • OceanBase error code: 9023

  • Cause: Log archiving cannot be re-enabled during log archiving.

  • Solution: Avoid repeatedly scheduling commands to enable log archiving.

ERROR 9024 (HY000): log archive backup is already disabled

  • OceanBase error code: 9024

  • Cause: Log archiving cannot be re-disabled during the Stop phase.

  • Solution: Avoid repeatedly disabling log archiving if it is already disabled.

ERROR 9025 (HY000): log archive backup info not exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9025

  • Cause: The file containing log archive information does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9026 (HY000): %s is not a valid uri

  • OceanBase error code: 9026

  • Cause: The backup destination is invalid.

  • Solution: Check whether the backup backup_dest is reasonable and provide a valid backup_dest path.

ERROR 9027 (HY000): ob log archive interrupted

  • OceanBase error code: 9027

  • Cause: Log archiving was interrupted.

  • Solution: Check whether a large volume of writes caused log archiving to be overwhelmed. If not, contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9028 (HY000): ob log archive stat not match

  • OceanBase error code: 9028

  • Error cause: The status of log archiving does not match.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9029 (HY000): log archive is not running

  • OceanBase error code: 9029

  • Error cause: Log archiving is not running. This error is typically printed by the OBServer node when stopping backup.

  • Solution: No manual intervention is required. Just exit the log archiving error log normally.

ERROR 9030 (HY000): log archive invalid round

  • OceanBase error code: 9030

  • Error cause: The round information for log archiving is incorrect.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9031 (HY000): Cannot backup ob replica

  • OceanBase error code: 9031

  • Error cause: The replica is currently migrating or has a log replica, and cannot provide data backup capability.

  • Solution: OceanBase Database will retry internally; no manual intervention is needed.

ERROR 9032 (HY000): backup info not exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9032

  • Error cause: Backup information does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9033 (HY000): Backup meta info stored in system dictionary does not match with current system status

  • OceanBase error code: 9033

  • Error cause: Backup status is inconsistent.

  • Solution:

    • If an error occurs during log archiving on an OBServer node, it usually happens when starting or stopping log archiving and does not require manual intervention.

    • For logs of the root service, contact OceanBase Technical Support to investigate the specific cause.

ERROR 9035 (HY000): restore index failed

  • OceanBase error code: 9035

  • Error cause: Index rebuilding failed after restore completion.

  • Solution: Check for indexes with a lock status of error on internal tables within the restored tenant and recreate those indexes.

ERROR 9036 (HY000): Backup is in progress

  • OceanBase error code: 9036

  • Error cause: Generally, an operation that is mutually exclusive with backup is being performed.

  • Solution: Stop data backup and log archiving before executing this command.

ERROR 9037 (HY000): log archive status is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9037

  • Error cause: The log archive status is invalid.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance in troubleshooting.

ERROR 9038 (HY000): Cannot add replica during set member list in restore

  • OceanBase error code: 9038

  • Cause: Replication is not supported during the set member list phase.

  • Solution: The set member list step of restore does not support replica replication. If a majority of replicas still exist, the restore can continue. If no majority replicas remain, you must cancel the restore and reschedule the restore task.

ERROR 9039 (HY000): pg log archive leader changed

  • OceanBase error code: 9039

  • Cause: The log archive leader has switched.

  • Solution: This is an internal error code. Detection of a leader switch interrupts the current PostgreSQL log archiving process. The new leader will automatically resume the backup work without requiring operational intervention.

ERROR 9040 (HY000): backup can not start

  • OceanBase error code: 9040

  • Cause: Data backup cannot be started if log archiving is not in the DOING state.

  • Solution: Wait for log archiving to enter the DOING state. If it remains in the BEGINNING state for a long time, contact OceanBase Technical Support to investigate the specific cause.

ERROR 9041 (HY000): cancel backup do not allow

  • OceanBase error code: 9041

  • Cause: Canceling a backup task repeatedly is not allowed.

  • Solution: Avoid repeatedly canceling a task that is already being canceled.

ERROR 9042 (HY000): backup data version gap over limit

  • OceanBase error code: 9042

  • Cause: If data backup is not completed within 16 consecutive Major Merges, it will fail automatically.

  • Solution: Investigate the cause of the slow data backup or confirm whether the Major Merges are occurring too frequently.

ERROR 9044 (HY000): delete backup data is in progress

  • OceanBase error code: 9044

  • Cause: Re-scheduling a backup cleanup task is not allowed.

  • Solution: Avoid re-scheduling a backup cleanup task.

ERROR 9045 (HY000): delete backup set do not allow

  • OceanBase error code: 9045

  • Error cause: Deletion of the backup set is not allowed.

  • Solution: Check whether an incorrect deletion command was entered.

ERROR 9046 (HY000): backup set id is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9046

  • Error cause: The backup set ID is invalid. This may be because an invalid backup_set_id was specified.

  • Solution: Check whether the entered backup_set_id is correct and try again.

ERROR 9047 (HY000): invalid password for backup

  • OceanBase error code: 9047

  • Error cause: The password is invalid.

  • Solution: Check whether the password is correct and try again.

ERROR 9048 (HY000): backup set is isolated by two log archive round

  • OceanBase error code: 9048

  • Error cause: Data backup and log archiving are discontinuous.

  • Solution: Check whether the log archiving has been interrupted.

ERROR 9049 (HY000): backup status is stopped, can not cancel

  • OceanBase error code: 9049

  • Error cause: The backup has already stopped and cannot be canceled again.

  • Solution: No further action is required because the backup has already stopped.

ERROR 9050 (HY000): no backup data to be backuped up

  • OceanBase error code: 9050

  • Error cause: The scheduled backup task has no data to back up.

  • Solution: This typically occurs during a backup scenario and does not require any handling.

ERROR 9051 (HY000): backup mount file is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9051

  • Cause: There are OBServer nodes that have not mounted NFS.

  • Solution: Ensure all nodes have mounted NFS.

ERROR 9052 (HY000): backup clean info not match

  • OceanBase error code: 9052

  • Cause: The metadata from the backup cleanup is inconsistent.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9053 (HY000): cancel delete backup do not allow

  • OceanBase error code: 9053

  • Cause: A Cancel operation was initiated when no cleanup tasks were present.

  • Solution: Avoid initiating a Cancel operation when no cleanup tasks are present.

ERROR 9054 (HY000): backup clean info not exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9054

  • Cause: The cleanup metadata does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9057 (HY000): can not set backup region, because %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9057

  • Cause: The backup region cannot be modified.

  • Solution: Record the error message and contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9058 (HY000): can not set backup zone, because %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9058

  • Cause: The backup zone cannot be modified.

  • Solution: Record the error message and contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

ERROR 9059 (HY000): backup backup has reached max backup times

  • OceanBase error code: 9059

  • Cause: Internal error code. This code is primarily used internally during backup scheduling when it is found that neither the backup set nor any backup piece meets the maximum backup times requirement.

  • Solution: No action required.

ERROR 9060 (HY000): COS error

  • OceanBase error code: 9060

  • Cause: An error occurred in the module responsible for Tencent Cloud COS adaptation.

  • Solution: This is typically a logical error in OceanBase Database's adaptation to COS. You need to contact OceanBase Technical Support.

ERROR 9061 (HY000): IO limit

  • OceanBase error code: 9061

  • Cause: This error is caused by I/O limitations. Currently, only the List operation of the Tencent Cloud COS module returns this error code.

  • Solution: You need to contact COS customer support to increase or remove the rate limiting for List operations.

ERROR 9062 (HY000): reach backup backup copy limit

  • OceanBase error code: 9062

  • Cause: When scheduling backups for specified backup times, it is found that all backup_sets and backup_pieces already meet the backup times requirements, and no backup_set or backup_piece to back up is found.

  • Solution: No action required.

ERROR 9063 (HY000): backup io is prohibited

  • OceanBase error code: 9063

  • Cause: The execution of List operations for backup and restore is rate-limited in a COS environment.

  • Solution:

    • If this issue occurs occasionally, no action is required.

    • If this issue occurs frequently, you need to contact the backup COS customer support to increase or remove the frequency limit for List operations.

ERROR 9064 (HY000): the archive log and backup data are not continuous

  • OceanBase error code: 9064

  • Cause: The archived log data is discontinuous from the original backup data.

  • Solution:

    • For V2.2.X: You need to perform a major compaction again, then initiate a data backup anew.

    • For V3.1.X and later: Initiate a data backup anew.

ERROR 9065 (HY000): agent has suspended

  • OceanBase error code: 9065

  • Cause: This error code is returned for tasks being performed when you suspend the backup feature during logical backup recovery.

  • Solution: This error code does not affect the functionality. Logical backup will be suspended and can be resumed later.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9066 (HY000): %.*s is conflict with %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9066

  • Cause: Conflicting values exist.

  • Solution: Check the conflicting values and ensure they do not conflict with other values.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.2.1.

ERROR 9069 (HY000): deleting backup piece is not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9069

  • Cause: Deleting a backup log shard is not allowed.

  • Solution: Check if an incorrect delete command was entered.

ERROR 9070 (HY000): can not connect to backup destination

  • OceanBase error code: 9070

  • Cause: There are OBServer nodes that are not connected to the backup medium, such as NFS not being mounted, or no access permissions for object storage.

  • Solution: Mount NFS correctly, or set the correct authorization information for object storage or grant the necessary operational permissions.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9071 (HY000): no I/O operation permission at the backup destination

  • OceanBase error code: 9071

  • Cause: The OBServer node has no permission to operate on the backup medium.

  • Solution: Grant the required permissions for the operation.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9072 (HY000): obesi process session conflicts

  • OceanBase error code: 9072

  • Cause: Session conflict in the independent sub-process of backup I/O.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9073 (HY000): external storage OBS error

  • OceanBase error code: 9073

  • Cause: An error may have occurred at the storage medium level when the backup medium is Huawei Cloud OBS.

  • Solution: You need to check whether the connection and writing to Huawei Cloud OBS are normal.

ERROR 9074 (HY000): backup validation task skipped

  • OceanBase error code: 9074

  • Cause: The backup verification for a tenant is skipped after the tenant is deleted.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9075 (HY000): obesi process io error

  • OceanBase error code: 9075

  • Cause: I/O failure during backup or restore due to an abnormal state of the obesi process.

  • Solution: No action is required.

Note

This error code is introduced in V3.2.4.

ERROR 9076 (HY000): backup meta index does not exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9076

  • Cause: The metadata index for the backup data does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for assistance.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9077 (HY000): log discontinuous between two archive rounds

  • OceanBase error code: 9077

  • Cause: When continuously reading archived logs, the logs from two consecutive archive rounds are discontinuous, making it impossible to read them continuously.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for assistance.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9078 (HY000): archive log is to end

  • OceanBase error code: 9078

  • Cause: The last archive log has been read.

  • Solution: No action is required.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9079 (HY000): archive log had been recycled

  • OceanBase error code: 9079

  • Cause: The archive log has been recycled during continuous reading.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for assistance.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9080 (HY000): format file does not exist%s

  • OceanBase error code: 9080

  • Cause: The format file does not exist.

  • Solution: Check whether the format file exists at the target location. If not, create it.

Note

The error message is modified from the format file does not exist under the destination to format file does not exist%s in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9081 (HY000): format file does not match%s

  • OceanBase error code: 9081

  • Cause: The format file at the target location does not match the expected one.

  • Solution: Ensure that the format file at the target location matches the expected content.

Note

Starting from V4.3.0, the error message for this code has been adjusted from the content of the format file at the destination does not match to format file does not match%s.

ERROR 9082 (HY000): backup device out of space

  • OceanBase error code: 9082

  • Cause: The backup disk has insufficient storage space.

  • Solution: Expand the backup storage space.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9083 (HY000): the pwrite offset of the object storage is inconsistent

  • OceanBase error code: 9083

  • Cause: The offset for appending a write to a file during backup or restore does not match the file length.

  • Solution: No action required.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9084 (HY000): the contents of pwrite are inconsistent

  • OceanBase error code: 9084

  • Cause: The content of a file after an incremental write during backup or restore does not match its existing content.

  • Solution: No action required.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9085 (HY000): backup major SSTable range not cover minor SSTable

  • OceanBase error code: 9085

  • Cause: The range of the backed-up major SSTable does not cover the minor SSTable.

  • Solution: No action required. The backup will retry internally.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9086 (HY000): backup advance checkpoint by flush timeout

  • OceanBase error code: 9086

  • Cause: The backup log stream advancement checkpoint timed out.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for assistance.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9087(HY000): observer clog is recycled before archive

  • OceanBase error code: 9087
  • Cause: The archive file has been recycled during consumption and archiving.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.1.0.

ERROR 9088 (HY000): log restore source tenant state not match, switchover to primary not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9088
  • Cause: The source tenant/log stream status does not match the restored status, preventing the current tenant from switching to primary.
  • Solution:
    1. Check whether the source tenant status and target tenant status match after backup recovery.
    2. Check whether the primary-standby replication configuration is correct.
    3. Check whether the source tenant backup is complete and the target tenant recovery is correct.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9089 (HY000): log restore source LS state not match, switchover to primary not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9089
  • Error cause: The source tenant and log stream status do not match for log restore, preventing the current tenant from switching to primary.
  • Solution:
    1. Check whether the source log status and target log status for backup and restore match.
    2. Check whether the primary-standby replication configuration is correct.
    3. Check whether the source log backup is complete and the target log restore is correct.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9090 (HY000): obesi process session not exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9090

  • Error cause: The OBESI process session does not exist.

  • Solution: The OBESI process restarts automatically and does not require manual intervention.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9091 (HY000): Already in ARCHIVELOG mode

  • OceanBase error code: 9091

  • Error cause: The database is already in ARCHIVELOG mode.

  • Solution: This status message indicates no action is required.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.1.0.

ERROR 9092 (HY000): Already in NOARCHIVELOG mode

  • OceanBase error code: 9092

  • Error cause: The database is already in NOARCHIVELOG mode.

  • Solution: This status message indicates no action is required.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.1.0.

ERROR 9096 (HY000): standby binary version is lower than primary data version, standby need upgrade

  • OceanBase error code: 9096
  • Cause: The version of the standby database lags behind that of the primary database.
  • Solution: Check the versions of the standby and primary databases. You must wait for the standby database to complete the version upgrade.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9097 (HY000): primary tenant has been dropped

  • OceanBase error code: 9097
  • Error cause: The primary tenant was dropped during primary-standby synchronization.
  • Solution: Check the tenant information in the primary database to confirm whether a primary tenant exists.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9098 (HY000): normal object in object_storage(oss,cos,etc.) can't be appended content

  • OceanBase error code: 9098
  • Error cause: An error occurred when attempting to append content to a regular object in object storage (such as OSS or COS).
  • Solution: Check the object storage type and ensure that it supports appending content to regular objects.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9099 (HY000): %s restore failed, %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9099

  • Error cause: The restore operation failed.

  • Solution: Check the restore configuration and parameter settings to ensure they meet the requirements and expectations of the restore target.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.2.2.

ERROR 9100 (HY000): no such file or directory

  • OceanBase error code: 9100

  • Error cause: The storage layer cannot find the corresponding directory or file, possibly due to an issue with the configured storage directory.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for assistance.

ERROR 9101 (HY000): file or directory already exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9101

  • Error cause: The corresponding file or directory already exists.

  • Solution: This is an internal error code. Contact technical support for assistance.

ERROR 9105 (HY000): S3 error

  • OceanBase error code: 9105

  • Cause:

    1. The input bucket is incorrect.
    2. The object storage endpoint is invalid.
    3. An unknown error occurred in S3.
  • Solution:

    1. Check whether the input bucket exists.
    2. Check whether the object storage endpoint configuration is correct. Ensure that the endpoint is correctly configured and the object storage service is accessible.
    3. If the possibility of a bucket error is ruled out, contact OceanBase Database Technical Support for assistance.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9106 (HY000): Tenant snapshot '%.*s' does not exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9106

  • Cause: The specified tenant snapshot does not exist.

  • Solution: Confirm whether the specified tenant snapshot is correct. If the snapshot does not exist, you may need to create a new snapshot or perform subsequent processing based on the actual situation.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9107 (HY000): Tenant snapshot '%.*s' already exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9107

  • Cause: The specified tenant snapshot already exists.

  • Solution: Confirm whether the specified tenant snapshot already exists. If the snapshot already exists, you may need to perform other operations or proceed with subsequent handling based on the actual circumstances.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9108 (HY000): Tenant snapshot task timeout. %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9108

  • Cause: The tenant snapshot task timed out.

  • Solution: Check whether the execution time of the snapshot task is excessively long. You may need to increase the timeout period or optimize the task execution process.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9111 (HY000): Tenant snapshot task failed", "%.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9111

  • Error cause: The tenant snapshot task failed.

  • Solution: Check the cause of the snapshot task failure and handle it accordingly.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9112 (HY000): Tenant snapshot lock conflict", "%s

  • OceanBase error code: 9112

  • Error cause: A lock conflict occurred during the tenant snapshot operation.

  • Solution: Check the details of the snapshot lock conflict. You may need to release the conflicting snapshot lock or adjust the lock usage.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9113 (HY000): checksum type %s is not supported for the input destination

  • OceanBase error code: 9113

  • Error cause: The input destination does not support the %s checksum type.

  • Solution: Check the checksum type of the input destination and ensure it is a supported type.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9114 (HY000): storage destination is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9114

  • Error cause: The object storage destination is invalid.

  • Solution: Check whether the object storage destination is correct and ensure it is a valid destination. You may need to correct the configuration or settings of the object storage destination.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9115 (HY000): can not connect to storage destination

  • OceanBase error code: 9115

  • Cause: Unable to connect to the object storage destination.

  • Solution: Check the connection configuration to the object storage destination and ensure the network connection is normal. You may need to correct the connection configuration, access the object storage key, or resolve network connectivity issues.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9116 (HY000): no I/O operation permission of the object storage

  • OceanBase error code: 9116

  • Cause: No I/O operation permission for the object storage.

  • Solution: Check the permissions for the object storage and ensure you have the correct I/O operation permissions. You may need to adjust the object storage permission settings or contact the administrator to obtain the appropriate permissions.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9117 (HY000): the specified s3_region does not match the endpoint

  • OceanBase error code: 9117

  • Cause: The s3_region is not specified, or the specified s3_region does not match the endpoint.

  • Solution: Check whether the specified s3_region matches the endpoint correctly. Ensure the correct s3_region and corresponding endpoint are used for configuration.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9118 (HY000): object storage endpoint is invalid

  • OceanBase error code: 9118

  • Cause: The object storage endpoint is invalid.

  • Solution: Check whether the object storage endpoint configuration is correct. Ensure the endpoint configuration is correct and the object storage service is accessible.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.0.

ERROR 9129 (HY000): object storage io error

  • OceanBase error code: 9129
  • Cause: An object storage error code. Common causes include object storage connectivity and compatibility issues.
  • Solution: Check the connectivity of object storage. If no connectivity issues are found, contact technical support for assistance.

ERROR 9133 (HY000): Backup zone or backup idc or backup region invalid

  • OceanBase error code: 9133

  • Cause: The source Zone/IDC/Region specified for the backup or archive path does not exist (for example, if a cluster has only zones1 and zone2, but you set backup zone to zone=zone3,zone4, this error will be reported when zone3 and zone4 are checked and found to be non-existent).

  • Solution: Query the DBA_OB_ZONES view to confirm whether the entered locality exists. Correct it and reset the setting.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.5.

ERROR 9135 (HY000):tmp file exceeds disk quota

  • OceanBase error code: 9135

  • Cause: The amount of data from temporary files persisted on disk exceeds the set limit.

  • Solution: Check whether the SQL statement causing the error generates an unexpected amount of data (for example, if the expected maximum data size for persistent temporary files is 500 GB). If so, adjust the parameter temporary_file_max_disk_size to an appropriate value.

Note

For V4.3.5, this error code is introduced in V4.3.5 BP1.

ERROR 9136 (HY000): Backup missing mview dependent tablet sstable, sstable maybe recycled

  • OceanBase error code: 9136

  • Cause: During backup, multi-version major SSTables were recycled.

  • Solution: Re-initiate the data backup.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.3.5.

ERROR 9139 (HY000): kms destination is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9139

  • Cause: When transparent encryption is enabled for the backup tenant, the key address is not specified or is specified incorrectly during tenant restore.

  • Solution: Specify the correct key address in the restore command, or specify the correct key address by setting the SET @kms_encrypt_info session variable before restore.

Note

For V4.3.5, this error code is introduced in V4.3.5 BP2.

ERROR 9140 (HY000): the object is locked by worm

  • OceanBase error code: 9140

  • Cause: Attempt to delete or modify an object in the object store that is in the retention period.

  • Solution: Check whether a retention policy is configured for the backup or archive path, and whether the enable_worm parameter is correctly configured when setting the backup or archive path. If the enable_worm parameter is correctly configured, contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

Note

For V4.3.5, this error code is introduced in V4.3.5 BP2.

ERROR 9141 (HY000): the resource has been released

  • OceanBase error code: 9141

  • Cause: A temporary file macroblock was unexpectedly released during use.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

Note

For V4.3.5, this error code was introduced in V4.3.5 BP2.

ERROR 9142 (HY000): the object can not be overwritten with different content

  • OceanBase error code: 9142

  • Cause: Writing a non-idempotent file with the same name to an object store configured with a retention policy.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

Note

For V4.3.5, this error code was introduced in V4.3.5 BP2.

ERROR 9144 (HY000): Unexpected macro cache file

  • OceanBase error code: 9144

  • Cause: An unexpected file appears in the macroblock cache directory, possibly one created by the user.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase Technical Support for assistance.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.4.0.

ERROR 9147 (HY000): can not access backup set file

  • OceanBase error code: 9147

  • Cause: During physical restore execution, the OBServer node cannot access the backup set file in the specified backup medium.

  • Solution: Check the connectivity of the object store. If no connectivity issues are found, contact Technical Support for assistance.

Note

For V4.4.x, this error code was introduced in V4.4.1.

ERROR 9148 (HY000): disk quota is exceeded

  • OceanBase error code: 9148

  • Cause: The disk quota has been exceeded.

  • Solution: Clean up the files or adjust the disk quota.

Note

For V4.4.x versions, this error code was introduced in V4.4.1.

ERROR 9149 (HY000): backup dest is not allowed to set when log_only policy exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9149

  • Cause: The log_only cleanup policy applies only to scenarios where only log archiving is enabled and no data backup is performed. When the log_only cleanup policy is in effect, configuring a data backup path is not allowed.

  • Solution: First, remove the log_only cleanup policy, then configure the data backup path.

Note

For V4.4.x versions, this error code was introduced in V4.4.1.

ERROR 9150 (HY000): log_only policy is not allowed to set when backup dest exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9150

  • Cause: The log_only cleanup policy applies only to scenarios where only log archiving is enabled and no data backup is performed. When a data backup path is already configured, the cleanup policy cannot be set to log_only.

  • Solution: To use the log_only cleanup policy, you must first delete the configured data backup path.

Note

For V4.4.x versions, this error code was introduced in V4.4.1.

ERROR 9151 (HY000): backup clean can not start, because %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9151

  • Cause: Data backup and log archiving cleanup cannot proceed. Possible reasons include the tenant status being non-NORMAL (e.g., CREATING, RESTORE) or the tenant not having a cleanup policy configured (for expiration cleanup scenarios).

  • Solution: Check the tenant status. For expiration cleanup scenarios, confirm whether the relevant tenant has a properly configured cleanup policy.

Note

For V4.4.x versions, this error code was introduced in V4.4.1.

ERROR 9152 (HY000): backup device may be not mounted, %s did not read any data written by %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9152

  • Error cause: The backup medium is not properly mounted.

  • Solution: Properly mount the backup medium to ensure all OBServer nodes of the tenant initiating the archiving, backup, or restore operation can access the same backup medium. For detailed operations on mounting NFS, refer to Deploy NFS.

Note

For V4.4.x versions, this error code is introduced in V4.4.1.

ERROR 9153 (HY000): backup device is not read and write strongly consistent. %s did not read the latest data written by %s.

  • OceanBase error code: 9153

  • Error cause: The read and write operations on the backup medium are not strongly consistent.

  • Solution: If the backup medium is NFS, refer to Deploy NFS and mount it as specified. If the backup medium is object storage, contact the corresponding service provider.

Note

For V4.4.x versions, this error code is introduced in V4.4.1.

ERROR 9159 (HY000): available data backup set is not found

  • OceanBase error code: 9159

  • Error cause: No backup set is available to restore to the specified time.

  • Solution: Select a different restore point or specify another backup set path.

Note

For V4.4.2, this error code is introduced in V4.4.2 BP1.

ERROR 9162 (HY000): can not find any backup set or archive piece

  • OceanBase error code: 9162

  • Error cause: The specified backup set ID/archive log piece does not exist in the backup path/archive path.

  • Solution: Check whether the provided path is correct.

Note

For V4.4.2, this error code is introduced in V4.4.2 BP2.

ERROR 9200 (HY000): Extend ssblock file to smaller is not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9200

  • Cause: The SSBlock file cannot be reduced.

  • Solution: Check whether the size specified by ALTER SYSTEM SET datafile_size is larger than the current SSBlock file. If so, contact technical support for assistance.

ERROR 9201 (HY000): Mark blocks timeout(5s) in auto extend process when alloc block fail

  • OceanBase error code: 9201

  • Cause: Macroblock marking failed after the SSBlock file was automatically extended.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for assistance.

ERROR 9202 (HY000): Auto extend param is not ready to start extending file

  • OceanBase error code: 9202

  • Cause: Automatic expansion may not be enabled due to configuration issues, or the preset disk usage of datafile has reached its limit.

  • Solution: Check if the free_size field in the __all_virtual_disk_stat table is 0. If so, disk space is exhausted. You need to increase the datafile threshold or perform disk expansion.

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ERROR 9001 (HY000): URI error
ERROR 9002 (HY000): OSS file MD5 error
ERROR 9003 (HY000): OSS error
ERROR 9004 (HY000): Init MD5 fail
ERROR 9005 (HY000): Out of element
ERROR 9006 (HY000): Update MD5 fail
ERROR 9007 (HY000): Invalid OSS file length
ERROR 9010 (HY000): OSS file MD5 not match
ERROR 9011 (HY000): cannot find backup file
ERROR 9012 (HY000): Can not get data version from timestamp
ERROR 9013 (HY000): Write OSS file error
ERROR 9014 (HY000): Another restore is in progress
ERROR 9016 (HY000): ob cluster name not equal
ERROR 9017 (HY000): rs list invalid
ERROR 9018 (HY000): agent has failed task
ERROR 9019 (HY000): restore partition is complete
ERROR 9020 (HY000 ): restore partition twice
ERROR 9022 (HY000): physical backup switch is on
ERROR 9023 (HY000): cannot start log archive backup
ERROR 9024 (HY000): log archive backup is already disabled
ERROR 9025 (HY000): log archive backup info not exists
ERROR 9026 (HY000): %s is not a valid uri
ERROR 9027 (HY000): ob log archive interrupted
ERROR 9028 (HY000): ob log archive stat not match
ERROR 9029 (HY000): log archive is not running
ERROR 9030 (HY000): log archive invalid round
ERROR 9031 (HY000): Cannot backup ob replica
ERROR 9032 (HY000): backup info not exists
ERROR 9033 (HY000): Backup meta info stored in system dictionary does not match with current system status
ERROR 9035 (HY000): restore index failed
ERROR 9036 (HY000): Backup is in progress
ERROR 9037 (HY000): log archive status is not valid
ERROR 9038 (HY000): Cannot add replica during set member list in restore
ERROR 9039 (HY000): pg log archive leader changed
ERROR 9040 (HY000): backup can not start
ERROR 9041 (HY000): cancel backup do not allow
ERROR 9042 (HY000): backup data version gap over limit
ERROR 9044 (HY000): delete backup data is in progress
ERROR 9045 (HY000): delete backup set do not allow
ERROR 9046 (HY000): backup set id is not valid
ERROR 9047 (HY000): invalid password for backup
ERROR 9048 (HY000): backup set is isolated by two log archive round
ERROR 9049 (HY000): backup status is stopped, can not cancel
ERROR 9050 (HY000): no backup data to be backuped up
ERROR 9051 (HY000): backup mount file is not valid
ERROR 9052 (HY000): backup clean info not match
ERROR 9053 (HY000): cancel delete backup do not allow
ERROR 9054 (HY000): backup clean info not exists
ERROR 9057 (HY000): can not set backup region, because %s
ERROR 9058 (HY000): can not set backup zone, because %s
ERROR 9059 (HY000): backup backup has reached max backup times
ERROR 9060 (HY000): COS error
ERROR 9061 (HY000): IO limit
ERROR 9062 (HY000): reach backup backup copy limit
ERROR 9063 (HY000): backup io is prohibited
ERROR 9064 (HY000): the archive log and backup data are not continuous
ERROR 9065 (HY000): agent has suspended
ERROR 9066 (HY000): %.*s is conflict with %.*s
ERROR 9069 (HY000): deleting backup piece is not allowed
ERROR 9070 (HY000): can not connect to backup destination
ERROR 9071 (HY000): no I/O operation permission at the backup destination
ERROR 9072 (HY000): obesi process session conflicts
ERROR 9073 (HY000): external storage OBS error
ERROR 9074 (HY000): backup validation task skipped
ERROR 9075 (HY000): obesi process io error
ERROR 9076 (HY000): backup meta index does not exist
ERROR 9077 (HY000): log discontinuous between two archive rounds
ERROR 9078 (HY000): archive log is to end
ERROR 9079 (HY000): archive log had been recycled
ERROR 9080 (HY000): format file does not exist%s
ERROR 9081 (HY000): format file does not match%s
ERROR 9082 (HY000): backup device out of space
ERROR 9083 (HY000): the pwrite offset of the object storage is inconsistent
ERROR 9084 (HY000): the contents of pwrite are inconsistent
ERROR 9085 (HY000): backup major SSTable range not cover minor SSTable
ERROR 9086 (HY000): backup advance checkpoint by flush timeout
ERROR 9087(HY000): observer clog is recycled before archive
ERROR 9088 (HY000): log restore source tenant state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9089 (HY000): log restore source LS state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9090 (HY000): obesi process session not exist
ERROR 9091 (HY000): Already in ARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9092 (HY000): Already in NOARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9096 (HY000): standby binary version is lower than primary data version, standby need upgrade
ERROR 9097 (HY000): primary tenant has been dropped
ERROR 9098 (HY000): normal object in object_storage(oss,cos,etc.) can't be appended content
ERROR 9099 (HY000): %s restore failed, %s
ERROR 9100 (HY000): no such file or directory
ERROR 9101 (HY000): file or directory already exist
ERROR 9105 (HY000): S3 error
ERROR 9106 (HY000): Tenant snapshot '%.*s' does not exist
ERROR 9107 (HY000): Tenant snapshot '%.*s' already exist
ERROR 9108 (HY000): Tenant snapshot task timeout. %.*s
ERROR 9111 (HY000): Tenant snapshot task failed", "%.*s
ERROR 9112 (HY000): Tenant snapshot lock conflict", "%s
ERROR 9113 (HY000): checksum type %s is not supported for the input destination
ERROR 9114 (HY000): storage destination is not valid
ERROR 9115 (HY000): can not connect to storage destination
ERROR 9116 (HY000): no I/O operation permission of the object storage
ERROR 9117 (HY000): the specified s3_region does not match the endpoint
ERROR 9118 (HY000): object storage endpoint is invalid
ERROR 9129 (HY000): object storage io error
ERROR 9133 (HY000): Backup zone or backup idc or backup region invalid
ERROR 9135 (HY000):tmp file exceeds disk quota
ERROR 9136 (HY000): Backup missing mview dependent tablet sstable, sstable maybe recycled
ERROR 9139 (HY000): kms destination is not valid
ERROR 9140 (HY000): the object is locked by worm
ERROR 9141 (HY000): the resource has been released
ERROR 9142 (HY000): the object can not be overwritten with different content
ERROR 9144 (HY000): Unexpected macro cache file
ERROR 9147 (HY000): can not access backup set file
ERROR 9148 (HY000): disk quota is exceeded
ERROR 9149 (HY000): backup dest is not allowed to set when log_only policy exists
ERROR 9150 (HY000): log_only policy is not allowed to set when backup dest exists
ERROR 9151 (HY000): backup clean can not start, because %s
ERROR 9152 (HY000): backup device may be not mounted, %s did not read any data written by %s
ERROR 9153 (HY000): backup device is not read and write strongly consistent. %s did not read the latest data written by %s.
ERROR 9159 (HY000): available data backup set is not found
ERROR 9162 (HY000): can not find any backup set or archive piece
ERROR 9200 (HY000): Extend ssblock file to smaller is not allowed
ERROR 9201 (HY000): Mark blocks timeout(5s) in auto extend process when alloc block fail
ERROR 9202 (HY000): Auto extend param is not ready to start extending file