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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.2.5
  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
      • System views
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Limitations
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Before you begin
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
    • Build a sample application (Oracle mode)
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
    • Build a sample application (MySQL mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • Configuration example of JDBC connections
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
        • Python
          • mysqlclient
          • PyMySQL
        • Go
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
          • GORM
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a database
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Use the SELECT ... FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling for MySQL-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
    • Develop applications (Oracle mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
          • SqlSugar
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Idle transaction timed out, with Error ORA-24761 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with Error ORA-00600 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with Error ORA-00955 reported
          • Table does not exist, with Error ORA-04043 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with Error ORA-00001 reported
          • Error ORA-00600 reported in foreign key addition
          • Inconsistent data types, with Error ORA-00932 reported
  • Deploy
    • Overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Before deployment
        • Prepare servers
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Deploy OAT
      • Deploy through GUI
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • Overview
          • Upload installation packages
          • Create MetaDB
          • Deploy OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy through CLI
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using the CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Overview
      • Deploy locally
        • Software and hardware requirements
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Check resources
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
          • (Optional) Create a user
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of obd
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment by using the CLI
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
    • Clear an OceanBase cluster
  • Upgrade
    • Upgrade OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Upgrade overview
      • Upgrade the arbitration service
      • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
      • Check the status after the upgrade
    • Upgrade OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
  • Migrate
    • Overview
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use the LOAD DATA statement to import data
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Migrate data between tables
      • Migrate resource units
      • Use the `SELECT INTO OUTFILE` statement to export data
    • Bypass import
      • Overview
      • Use the LOAD DATA statement to import data in direct load mode
      • Use the INSERT INTO SELECT statement to import data in direct load mode
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage clusters
      • Overview
      • Cluster parameters
      • Common cluster operations
        • View a zone
        • View a node
        • Restart a node
        • Add a node
        • Delete a node
        • Isolate a node
        • Replace a node
        • Add a zone
        • Start a zone
        • Delete a zone
        • Modify a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • View cluster parameters
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Online upgrade from standalone deployment to distributed deployment
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Manage tenants
      • Tenant introduction
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Common tenant operations
        • Create a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
        • Query tenant and resource information
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Introduction to scaling in/out
          • Plan resources
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Clone a tenant
        • Cancel tenant cloning
        • Drop a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • Rename a tenant
        • Manage resource pools
          • View resource pool information
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
          • Remove resource pools from a tenant
          • Merge and split resource pools
          • Drop a resource pool
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query unit configs
          • Modify a unit config
          • Drop a unit config
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
    • Manage replicas
      • Overview
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Modify locality
          • Add replicas
          • Remove replicas
          • Convert the type of a replica
          • Adjust the distribution of replicas
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
      • Data load balancing
        • Overview
        • Transfer a partition
        • Cancel a partition transfer task
        • Cancel a load balancing job
        • Partition balancing
          • Configure the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Manually trigger a partition balancing job
          • View the parameters of the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Query the scheduling history of the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Query partition balancing jobs and tasks in the background
          • Query the history of partition balancing jobs and tasks in the background
    • High availability
      • High availability overview
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Data link introduction
        • ODP high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Overview
        • Limitations
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Preparations
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
        • Log transmission service
          • Overview
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Specify a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
          • View the log restore source
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • Specify log compression
        • Log storage service
        • Switch roles
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Switchover
          • Failover
        • Drop primary and standby tenants
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Overview
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
        • Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
      • Flashback queries
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure handling
        • Oracle mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure handling
      • Access control
        • Overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview
          • MySQL mode
            • Privilege types in MySQL mode
            • Create a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Activate a role
              • View roles
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
          • Oracle mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle mode
            • Create a user
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to another role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • View roles
              • Modify a role
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
            • Indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Use a proxy user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
        • Network security access control
        • Row-level access control
        • RPC connection authentication
      • Data transmission encryption
        • Overview
        • OBServer node transmission encryption
        • ODP transmission encryption
      • Transparent data encryption
        • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
        • Oracle mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
      • Security audit
        • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable security audit
          • Set audit rules
          • View audit records
          • Disable security audit
        • Oracle mode
          • Set and view audit rules
          • View audit records
          • Audit user login operations
          • Audit specified database objects
    • Backup and restore
      • Introduction to physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Log archive
        • Overview
        • Prepare for log archiving
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Suspend archiving
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • View information about pieces
        • View the archiving progress
        • View the archiving history
        • View archive parameters
        • Change the log archive destination
        • Clear the archive path setting
        • Views related to log archiving
      • Data backup
        • Prepare for backup
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Back up parameters
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
        • View the data backup history
        • View data backup parameters
        • Change the backup destination
        • Views related to data backup
      • Clear backup data
        • Automatically clean up expired backups
        • Stop backup cleanup
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • Query the backup cleanup history
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Views related to backup cleanup
      • Restore data
        • Preparations
        • Perform physical restore
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
        • Cancel physical restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
      • Restore by table
        • Preparations
        • Perform table restore
        • Cancel table restore
        • View the table restore progress
        • View the table restore result
        • Parameters related to table restore
        • Views related to table restore
    • Monitor
      • Overview
      • Metrics
        • System monitoring
          • Overview
          • Metrics
          • Wait events
          • Latch events
        • SQL monitoring
          • Overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
      • Cases
    • Logs
      • Log overview
      • Log levels
      • Log stability
      • Log control
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
    • Daily inspection
      • Overview
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check the host status
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check the OBServer node status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Deadlock detection
      • End-to-end tracing
        • Overview
        • Process
        • Methods
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Performance tunning
      • Overview
      • Identify bottlenecks on a link
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • Overview
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Suboptimal plans
            • Buffer tables
            • Cardinality
          • Hard parsing
          • Capacity issues
          • Internal wait events
      • SQL tunning
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview
            • Statistical information
              • Overview
              • Collect statistical information
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
                • Automatically collect statistics
              • Query statistics
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
                • Lock statistics
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
            • Row estimation
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on the selectivity
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
          • Plan management
            • Plan cache
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Index selection
            • Overview
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
            • Avoid sorting
          • Join order and join algorithm
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Hash joins
              • Merge joins
              • Common business issues
            • Join types
            • Join order
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview
            • SORT assignment and optimization
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
        • Business logic optimization
          • SQL specifications
          • Schema specifications
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Typical scenarios and cases
    • Troubleshooting
      • Overview
      • Bootstrap
      • Storage
        • Minor compaction and major compaction
        • Memory-related errors
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
      • Election
        • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • Absence of the leader
      • Transaction
        • Transaction-related errors
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Long-running transaction
        • Suspended transaction
        • Idle transactions
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Physical standby database
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Data backup failures
        • Physical restore failures
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Node failure
          • Network failure
          • ODP failure
          • Other hardware and network issues
        • Capacity issues
          • Exceptions of SQL queries
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant memory full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Node clog disk full
          • Node data disk full
          • Tenant request queue backlog
        • Other cluster issues
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
  • Reference
    • OceanBase concepts
      • Architecture of OceanBase Database
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenants
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Tenant resource management
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Resource unit balancing
      • Database objects
        • Oracle mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Character data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • ROWID data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Format model
                • Overview
                • Number format models
                • Datetime format models
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary table
          • Indexes
            • Index overview
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
          • Views
            • Overview
            • View categorization
            • OceanBase-specific views
            • Oracle-compatible views
            • Data operations in views
            • Data access from views
            • Updatable views
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonyms
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • CHECK constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
        • MySQL mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Character data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
          • Indexes
            • About indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
          • Views
            • Overview
            • View categorization
            • OceanBase-specific views
            • MySQL-compatible views
            • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
            • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
            • Data operations in views
            • Data access from views
            • Updatable views
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
      • Distributed database objects
        • Overview
        • Cluster architecture
        • Log streams and replicas
          • Overview
          • Log streams
          • Replica type
            • Overview
            • Full-featured replica
            • Read-only replicas
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Cluster scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Overview
            • Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
      • Data link
        • Overview
        • Database proxy
          • Overview
          • SQL routing
          • Connection management
          • ODP configuration management
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
      • User interface and query language
        • SQL
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
          • SQL statements
            • Overview
            • DDL statements
            • DML statements
            • DCL statements
          • Execution process of SQL queries
          • Query SQL execution plans
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
            • Generate distributed execution plans
            • Run and disable a parallel query
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Optimize parameters for parallel query
        • PL
          • PL concepts
            • Oracle mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
              • Packages
            • MySQL mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • MySQL Mode
          • PL subprogram execution mechanism
        • Client programming languages
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Transaction structure
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • GTS
          • Transaction control
            • Overview
            • Active transactions
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Redo logs
          • Local transactions
          • Distributed transaction
            • Overview
            • Two-phase commit
          • XA transactions
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Overview
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Concurrency control
            • Overview
            • Lock mechanism
            • Lock Wait Mgr
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
          • Weak-consistency read
      • Storage architecture
        • Overview
        • Data storage
          • Overview
          • MemTables
          • SSTables
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview
          • Minor compaction
          • Major compaction
        • Multi-level caches
        • Query processing
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • High availability architecture
          • Overview
          • ODP high availability
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Paxos protocol
          • Automatic handling of node failures
        • Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
        • Data protection
          • Overview
          • Flashback queries
          • Recycle bin
        • Backup and restore
          • Overview
          • Backup directory structures
          • Backup architecture
          • Restore process
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
      • Database security
        • Overview
        • Authentication
        • Access control
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Security audit
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration files
        • observer thread model
          • Threads
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Overview
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory usage logs
          • Diagnose memory errors
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Overview
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Minor compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • View minor compaction information
          • Modify minor compaction settings
        • Major compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Configure scheduled major compactions
          • Adaptive major compactions
          • Manually initiate a major compaction
          • View the major compaction process
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • Modify major compaction settings
        • Data compression
          • Overview
          • Data encoding and compression
      • Memory management
        • Overview
        • Memory structure
        • Set the maximum memory for an OceanBase database
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Manage internal tenant memory
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Query memory usage information
        • Memory usage control
        • FAQ about memory
      • Process management
        • Overview
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • View the thread status
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
      • Disk management
        • Configure automatic scale-out of disk space for data files
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • MySQL mode
        • Create and manage databases
          • Create a database
          • View databases
          • Modify a database
          • Drop a database
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Define column constraints
          • Query tables
          • Alter a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Reference a sequence
          • Modify a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Drop a trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
      • Oracle mode
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Rename a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage synonyms
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
        • Manage directory objects
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Install and configure OCI
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Object naming conventions
        • Overview
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Other naming conventions
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Table structure design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Other structural designs
      • Character set specifications
      • Database connection specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Exception handling
    • SQL reference
      • SQL syntax
        • System tenants
          • Overview
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • ARBITRATION
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BACKUP KEY
            • BACKUP
            • BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
            • BALANCE TASK
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CHANGE TENANT
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CREATE LS
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY LS
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • MODULE DATA
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • FLASHBACK STANDBY LOG
            • JOB
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • PARAMETER
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SERVICE_NAME
            • SWITCHOVER
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • LOAD MODULE DATA
            • CHECK MODULE DATA
            • ZONE
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
        • User tenants (MySQL mode)
          • Basic elements
            • Data types
              • Overview
              • Numeric types
                • Overview
                • Integer data types
                • Fixed-point types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Bit value data type
              • Datetime types
                • Overview
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • String types
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
                • TEXT types
                • LOB types
              • ENUM type
              • SET type
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert a JSON data type
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview of spatial data types
                • Spatial reference systems (SRS)
                • Create a spatial column
                • Create a spatial index
                • Spatial data formats
            • Expressions
              • Overview
              • Expression syntax
              • Data type conversion rules
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Character sets
              • Character sets
              • Database-level character set and collation
              • Table-level character set and collation
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character sets and collations for character expressions
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULLs
            • Schema object names
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operators
            • Date and time operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • BINARY operator
            • CASE conditional operator
          • Sequence pseudo-columns
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • CURDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_ADD
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • BIN
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • CHAR
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • CONCAT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • POSITION
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_PINYIN
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • PI
                • NORMAL
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • UNIFORM
                • ZIPF
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • ICU_VERSION
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
            • JSON functions
              • Overview
              • Create JSON text functions
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • Search JSON text functions
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Modify JSON text functions
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
              • Return JSON text property functions
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • JSON_TABLE
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
              • Geometry processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • Lock functions
              • Overview
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS()
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • GTID function
              • GTID_SUBSET()
              • GTID_SUBTRACT()
              • WAIT_FOR_EXECUTED_GTID_SET()
              • WAIT_UNTIL_SQL_THREAD_AFTER_GTIDS()
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
            • Audit functions
              • Overview
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Joins
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • Common table expressions
            • ALTER COMPILE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • ALTER SERVER
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • ALTER LOGFILE GROUP
            • ALTER EVENT
            • ANALYZE
            • CACHE INDEX
            • CHECK TABLE
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
            • CREATE LOGFILE GROUP
            • DROP RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE SERVER
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • CREATE EVENT
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP EVENT
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP FORMAT OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP SERVER
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • DROP LOGFILE GROUP
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • FLUSH
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • HANDLER
            • INSERT
            • INSTALL PLUGIN
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SELECT
              • SELECT statement
              • JOIN clause
              • OVER clause
              • UNION clause
            • SET
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UNLOCK TABLES
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • UNINSTALL PLUGIN
            • VALUES
            • XA transaction
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
        • User tenants (Oracle mode)
          • Introduction to SQL
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • Sequence pseudo columns
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
          • Basic elements
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview
              • Character data types
                • Overview
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Precedence of numeric data types
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
              • RAW data type
              • Large object data types
                • Overview
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
              • Rowid data types
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a column of the JSON data type
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • XML data types
                • Overview
                • XML data definition
                • Create a column of the XMLType data type
                • Query XMLType data
                • Conversion of the XMLType data type
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • Create a spatial data column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Datetime literals
                • Date literals
                • Timestamp literals
              • Interval literals
            • Format model
              • Overview
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Comments on SQL statements
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Hint list
                  • Hints related to access path
                  • Hints related to join orders
                  • Hints related to joins
                  • Hints related to parallel execution
                  • Hints related to query strategies
                  • Hints related to query conversion
                  • Other hints
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview
              • Suggestions on schema object names
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
              • Access partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
            • Character sets and collations
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operator
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • LN
                • GENERATOR
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SUBSTR
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND (date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC (date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • CAST
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_PINYIN
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                  • XMLCONCAT
                  • XMLFOREST
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                  • EXISTSNODE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Spatial-functions
                • Overview
                • SDO_GEOMETRY constructor functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY query functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY format conversion functions
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • GROUPING_ID
            • Analysis functions
              • Analytic functions
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
            • Table functions
              • Table function
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Case expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
          • Conditions
            • Overview
            • Condition precedence
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Simple queries
            • Hierarchical queries
            • Composite queries
            • Join queries
            • Subqueries
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH PLAN CACHE
              • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
              • ALTER SYSTEM PARAMETER
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER USER
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP FORMAT OUTLINE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • WITH CLAUSE
              • UPDATE
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • AUDIT
              • COMMIT
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statements
          • DML statement writing standards
          • DDL statements
          • Multi-table join
          • Table scan
          • Transactions
          • Cache
          • Hint
          • Other related specifications
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit data type conversion
          • Join tables
          • Read with weak consistency
          • Pagination
      • PL reference
        • What is PL
          • PL overview
          • Main features of PL
          • PL architecture
        • PL reference (MySQL mode)
          • Syntax of PL stored programs
          • PL stored procedures
            • Overview
            • Variables in stored programs
            • Stored procedures
            • Stored objects and privilege management
            • Stored functions
            • Triggers
            • Events
            • Limitations on stored programs
          • PL cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor execution process
            • Limitations on server cursors
          • PL conditional control statements
            • CASE
            • IF
            • ITERATE
            • LEAVE
            • LOOP
            • REPEAT
            • RETURN
            • WHILE
          • PL data manipulation statements
            • CALL
            • DO
          • PL data definition statements
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
          • PL database management statements
            • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
            • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
            • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
            • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
            • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
            • SHOW TRIGGERS
          • PL related dictionary views
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TRIGGERS
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • DECLARE ... CONDITION
            • DECLARE ... HANDLER
            • GET DIAGNOSTICS
            • RESIGNAL
            • SIGNAL
            • Procedure scope
            • Diagnostics area
            • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
            • Limitations on exception handling
          • PL system packages
            • Overview of system packages
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
              • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
              • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
              • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_BALANCE
              • Overview of DBMS_BALANCE
              • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
            • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
              • Overview
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
            • DBMS_DATA_DICT
              • DBMS_DATA_DICT
          • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
        • PL reference (Oracle mode)
          • PL language basics
            • Character sets
            • Lexical elements
            • Declaration
            • Reference identifiers
            • Identifier scope and visibility
            • Assignment
            • Expressions
            • PL blocks
            • Subprograms
            • Error-reporting functions
          • PL data types
            • Overview
            • SQL data types
            • LOB data types
            • BOOLEAN type
            • User-defined subtypes
            • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
            • Arrays
            • PL JSON data types
          • PL process control
            • Overview
            • Conditional control
            • Loop control
            • Sequential control
          • PL collections and records
            • Overview
            • Collections
            • Associative arrays
            • Varrays
            • Nested tables
            • Collection constructors
            • Collection methods
              • Overview
              • DELETE method
              • TRIM method
              • EXTEND method
              • EXISTS method
              • FIRST and LAST methods
              • COUNT method
              • LIMIT method
              • PRIOR and NEXT methods
            • RECORD
            • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
            • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
          • PL static SQL
            • Overview
            • Cursors
              • Overview
              • Cursor attributes
              • Implicit cursors
              • Explicit cursors
              • Cursor variables
              • Use a FOR loop to traverse a cursor
              • Modify and drop a cursor
            • Transaction processing and control
            • FORALL and BULK COLLECT
            • Autonomous transactions
              • Overview
              • Control autonomous transactions
              • Autonomous triggers
              • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
          • PL dynamic SQL
            • Overview
            • Execute dynamic SQL
            • DBMS_SQL system package
          • PL stored procedures and functions
            • Overview
            • Create a stored procedure
            • Create a function
            • Manage stored procedures and functions
            • Privilege control
            • Pipeline functions
              • Overview
              • Create a pipelined table function
              • Application
            • User-defined functions
              • Overview
              • Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
              • Create a user-defined aggregate function
              • Use user-defined aggregate functions
            • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
            • PL Database Link
          • PL triggers
            • Overview
            • Create a DML trigger
            • Modify and drop a trigger
            • Disable or enable a trigger
            • Query trigger information
            • INSTEAD OF DML triggers
            • Composite DML triggers
            • System triggers
          • PL packages
            • Overview
            • Create a package
            • Overloaded programs in a package
            • Manage packages
            • Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • Compile-time warnings
            • Exception types
            • Exception handling processes
          • DDL operations on stored PL units
            • Overview
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PACKAGE
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • ALTER TRIGGER
            • ALTER TYPE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PACKAGE
            • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • CREATE TYPE
            • CREATE TYPE BODY
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PACKAGE
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
            • DROP TYPE
            • DROP TYPE BODY
          • PL label security package
            • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
            • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
              • Overview
              • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
            • SA_SESSION session management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SESSION.LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
              • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
          • PL system package (Oracle mode)
            • Overview
            • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
              • Overview
              • READ_CLIENT_INFO
              • READ_MODULE
              • SET_ACTION
              • SET_CLIENT_INFO
              • SET_MODULE
            • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
              • Overview
              • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
              • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
              • DROP_PURGE_JOB
              • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
              • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
            • DBMS_BALANCE
              • Overview of DBMS_BALANCE
              • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
            • DBMS_CRYPTO
              • Overview
              • ENCRYPT
              • DECRYPT
              • HASH
            • DBMS_DEBUG
              • Overview
              • ATTACH_SESSION
              • CONTINUE
              • DEBUG_ON
              • DEBUG_OFF
              • DETACH_SESSION
              • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
              • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • GET_VALUE
              • GET_VALUES
              • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
              • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • INITIALIZE
              • PROBE_VERSION
              • PRINT_BACKTRACE
              • SET_TIMEOUT
              • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • SET_BREAKPOINT
              • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
            • DBMS_DESCRIBE
              • Overview
              • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
            • DBMS_JOB
              • Overview
              • BROKEN
              • CHANGE
              • ZONE
              • INTERVAL
              • NEXT_DATE
              • REMOVE
              • RUN
              • SUBMIT
              • USER_EXPORT
              • WHAT
            • DBMS_LOB
              • Overview
              • APPEND
              • CLOSE
              • COPY
              • CREATETEMPORARY
              • ERASE
              • FREETEMPORARY
              • GETLENGTH
              • ISOPEN
              • INSTR
              • ISTEMPORARY
              • OPEN
              • READ
              • SUBSTR
              • TRIM
              • WRITE
              • WRITEAPPEND
            • DBMS_LOCK
              • Overview
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
              • REQUEST
              • SLEEP
            • DBMS_METADATA
              • Overview
              • GET_DDL
              • GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
            • DBMS_MONITOR
              • Overview
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • DBMS_OUTPUT
              • Overview
              • DISABLE
              • ENABLE
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_LINES
              • NEW_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
              • Overview
              • PURGE
            • DBMS_RANDOM
              • Overview
              • INITIALIZE
              • NORMAL
              • RANDOM
              • SEED
              • STRING
              • TERMINATE
              • VALUE
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_SCHEDULER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_JOB
              • CREATE_PROGRAM
              • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
              • DISABLE
              • DROP_JOB
              • DROP_PROGRAM
              • ENABLE
              • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
              • RUN_JOB
              • SET_ATTRIBUTE
              • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
              • STOP_JOB
              • DISABLE
              • ENABLE
            • DBMS_SESSION
              • Overview
              • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
              • RESET_PACKAGE
              • SET_CONTEXT
              • SET_IDENTIFIER
            • DBMS_SQL
              • Overview
              • BIND_VARIABLE
              • CLOSE_CURSOR
              • COLUMN_VALUE
              • DEFINE_COLUMN
              • DEFINE_ARRAY
              • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
              • EXECUTE
              • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
              • FETCH_ROWS
              • IS_OPEN
              • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
              • OPEN_CURSOR
              • PARSE
              • VARIABLE_VALUE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • COPY_TABLE_STATS
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_UTILITY
              • Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
              • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
              • CURRENT_INSTANCE
              • DB_VERSION
              • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
              • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
              • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
              • GET_ENDIANNESS
              • GET_HASH_VALUE
              • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
              • GET_SQL_HASH
              • GET_TIME
              • IS_BIT_SET
              • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
              • NAME_RESOLVE
              • NAME_TOKENIZE
              • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
              • OLD_CURRENT_USER
              • PORT_STRING
              • TABLE_TO_COMMA
              • COMMA_TO_TABLE
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
            • DBMS_XA
              • Overview
              • DBMS_XA constants
              • DBMS_XA_XID object type
              • DIST_TXN_SYNC
              • XA_COMMIT
              • XA_END
              • XA_FORGET
              • XA_GETLASTOER
              • XA_PREPARE
              • XA_RECOVER
              • XA_ROLLBACK
              • XA_SETTIMEOUT
              • XA_START
            • DBMS_XMLGEN
              • Overview
              • CONVERT
            • DBMS_PROFILER
              • Overview
              • START_PROFILER
              • STOP_PROFILER
              • PAUSE_PROFILER
              • RESUME_PROFILER
              • FLUSH_DATA
              • GET_VERSION
              • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
              • ROLLUP_UNIT
              • ROLLUP_RUN
              • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
              • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_DDL
              • Overview of DBMS_DDL
              • WRAP
              • CREATE_WRAPPED
            • ODCIConst
              • Overview
              • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
              • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
              • ODCIEnv.Envflags
              • ODCIIndexAlter
              • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
              • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
              • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
              • Return Status
              • ScnFlg
            • UTL_ENCODE
              • Overview
              • BASE64_DECODE
              • BASE64_ENCODE
            • UTL_FILE
              • Overview
              • FCLOSE
              • FFLUSH
              • FOPEN
              • FGETPOS
              • FREMOVE
              • FRENAME
              • FSEEK
              • NEW_LINE
              • GET_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • UTL_I18N
              • Overview
              • RAW_TO_CHAR
              • STRING_TO_RAW
            • UTL_RECOMP
              • Overview
              • RECOMP_PARALLEL
              • RECOMP_SERIAL
              • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • PARALLEL_SLAVE
            • UTL_RAW
              • Overview
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_COMPLEMENT
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_TO_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_RAW
              • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
              • COMPARE
              • CONCAT
              • COPIES
              • LENGTH
              • REVERSE
              • SUBSTR
              • TRANSLATE
            • UTL_TCP
              • Overview of UTL_TCP
              • OPEN_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
              • WRITE_LINE
              • WRITE_TEXT
              • WRITE_RAW
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_TEXT
            • UTL_SMTP
              • Overview of UTL_SMTP
              • OPEN_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_CONNECTION
              • QUIT
              • AUTH
              • COMMAND
              • COMMAND_REPLIES
              • HELO
              • EHLO
              • MAIL
              • RCPT
              • OPEN_DATA
              • WRITE_DATA
              • WRITE_RAW_DATA
              • CLOSE_DATA
              • DATA
              • VRFY
              • HELP
              • NOOP
              • RSET
            • ANYDATA TYPE
              • Overview of the ANYDATA type
              • BEGINCREATE static stored procedure
              • ENDCREATE member procedure
              • GET* member function
              • GETTYPE member function
              • GETTYPENAME member function
              • PIECEWISE member stored procedure
              • SET* member stored procedure
            • XMLType
              • Overview of XMLType
              • CREATEXML
              • GETCLOBVAL
              • GETSTRINGVAL
              • TRANSFORM
              • XMLTYPE
              • EXISTSNODE
              • EXTRACT
          • Reserved PL keywords
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
      • Data type conversion behavior in MySQL tenants in strict mode
    • System views
      • Overview
      • System views overview
      • Changes in views in OceanBase Database V3.x and V4.x
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LICENSE
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$STATNAME
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • gv$tenant
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$UNIT
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • V$UNIT
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$STATNAME
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • V$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_OB_SOURCE
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_TYPES
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • DBA_JOBS
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_PL_OBJ_CACHE_STATUS
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • USER_ERRORS
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_JOBS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$VERSION
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • V$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$STATNAME
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Common statistical events
      • General wait events
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Changes in parameters and system variables from V3.x to V4.x
      • Parameters
        • Overview
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • alert_log_level
          • all_cluster_list
          • all_server_list
          • arbitration_degradation_policy
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • backup_backup_dest
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • backup_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • backup_recovery_window
          • backup_region
          • backup_zone
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • balancer_log_interval
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • bf_cache_priority
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • cluster
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • election_cpu_quota
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_dblink
          • enable_ddl
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_log_archive
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_manual_merge
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_perf_event
          • enable_pg
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_disk_percentage
          • log_disk_size
          • log_storage_warning_trigger_percentage
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_px_worker_count
          • max_string_print_length
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • merge_thread_count
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migrate_concurrency
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • minor_freeze_times
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • rdma_io_thread_count
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • px_task_size
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_list
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • syslog_compress_func
          • syslog_disk_size
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • system_trace_level
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • unit_gc_wait_time
          • use_large_pages
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • utl_file_open_max
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • audit_log_buffer_size
          • audit_log_compression
          • audit_log_enable
          • audit_log_format
          • audit_log_max_size
          • audit_log_path
          • audit_log_prune_seconds
          • audit_log_query_sql
          • audit_log_rotate_on_size
          • audit_log_strategy
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
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          • default_auto_increment_mode
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          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
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          • io_category_config
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          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • log_archive_concurrency
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          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
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          • major_compact_trigger
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          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
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          • zone_deploy_mode
      • System variables
        • Overview
        • Global variables
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          • block_encryption_mode
          • cardinality_estimation_model
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          • debug_sync
          • default_password_lifetime
          • default_storage_engine
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          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • init_connect
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • interactive_timeout
          • lc_time_names
          • log_row_value_options
          • license
          • lower_case_table_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_connections
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_characterset
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • ob_default_replica_num
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • ob_enable_trace_log
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • ob_enable_parameter_anonymous_block
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • ob_route_policy
          • ob_security_version
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_max_servers
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • parallel_servers_target
          • partition_index_dive_limit
          • performance_schema
          • pid_file
          • plugin_dir
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • port
          • query_cache_size
          • query_cache_type
          • range_index_dive_limit
          • read_only
          • recyclebin
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • resource_manager_plan
          • secure_file_priv
          • socket
          • sql_auto_is_null
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          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • sql_throttle_network
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • sql_warnings
          • system_time_zone
          • time_zone
          • transaction_isolation
          • transaction_read_only
          • tx_isolation
          • tx_read_only
          • version
          • version_comment
          • wait_timeout
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • validate_password_length
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • validate_password_number_count
          • validate_password_policy
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • server_uuid
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
        • Session-level variables
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
          • autocommit
          • binlog_row_image
          • block_encryption_mode
          • character_set_client
          • collation_connection
          • collation_database
          • collation_server
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • cursor_sharing
          • default_storage_engine
          • div_precision_increment
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • identity
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • interactive_timeout
          • is_result_accurate
          • last_insert_id
          • lc_time_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_language
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_capability_flag
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_enable_parameter_anonymous_block
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • ob_enable_rich_error_msg
          • ob_enable_show_trace
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • ob_last_schema_version
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_org_cluster_id
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • ob_proxy_partition_hit
          • ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_trace_info
          • timestamp
          • tracefile_identifier
          • transaction_isolation
          • transaction_read_only
          • tx_isolation
          • tx_read_only
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • wait_timeout
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • enable_sql_plan_monitor
    • Error codes
      • MySQL mode
        • Overview
        • 0001 to 3999
        • 4000 to 4499
        • 4500 - 4999
        • 5000 - 5999
        • 6000 - 6999
        • 7000 to 7999
        • 8000 - 8999
        • 9000 to 9499
        • 9500 to 9999
        • 10000 to 12000
        • 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
      • Oracle mode
        • Overview
        • ORA-00000 to ORA-00999
        • ORA-01000 to ORA-01499
        • ORA-01500 to ORA-01999
        • ORA-02000 to ORA-04999
        • ORA-05000 to ORA-10000
        • ORA-10000 to ORA-19999
        • ORA-20000 to ORA-29999
        • ORA-30000 to ORA-49999
        • ORA-50000 to ORA-99999
        • PLS-00000 to PLS-00999
    • Performance tunning
      • Overview
      • Performance related tools
        • System tools
          • Top
          • CPU tools
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        • Internal tables
          • GV$SYSSTAT
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        • Logs
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          • dump tenant info
          • Trace logs
        • OCP
      • System tunning
        • OS parameter tuning
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          • CPU-related parameters
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        • ODP parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
          • Routing parameters on nodes
      • Performance diagnosis
        • Monitor and diagnose the cluster performance
        • Diagnose tenant performance
        • Monitor ODP performance
        • Monitor host performance
        • WR management
          • Overview
          • Manage WR
          • Monitor the performance of historical sessions
          • Clean up WR data
        • ASH report
          • ASH
          • Generate ASH reports
          • Analyze the ASH report
      • Business model tuning
        • Load balancing
        • Hot row optimization
          • Experience the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
          • How to use group commit for hot rows and best practices
          • How hot row performance optimization works
        • SQL diagnostics
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      • SQL tunning
        • Execution process of SQL queries
        • SQL execution plans
          • Introduction to SQL execution plans
          • Execution plan operators
            • ADAPTIVE JOIN queries
            • TABLE SCAN
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            • MATERIAL
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            • GI
          • Plan cache
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          • Real-time execution plan display
          • SQL tuning practice with EXPLAIN
        • Distributed execution plan
          • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
          • Generate a distributed plan
          • Schedule distributed execution plans
          • Manage distributed execution plans
          • Parallel execution enabling methods and their priority
          • Auto DOP
          • Execute parallel queries
          • Optimize parameters for parallel query
          • Parallel DML
          • Parallel DDL
        • Parallel execution plan
          • Classification and optimization of parallel execution
          • Set parallel execution
            • Concurrency control and queuing
            • Set a DOP for parallel execution
          • Parallel execution diagnostics
        • SQL tuning
          • Overview
          • General procedure
          • SQL execution performance monitoring
            • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
            • SQL Trace
            • Plan cache views
            • SQL performance analysis example
              • Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
              • Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
              • View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
              • Analyze slow SQL queries
              • Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
              • Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find the TOP N SQL queries
              • Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
              • Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
              • Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a certain period
              • Analyze queries related to distributed plans
              • Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
          • Optimizer statistics
            • Overview of statistics
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              • Overview
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              • Delete statistics
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            • Statistics collection and update strategy for partitioned tables
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            • Examples
          • Query rewrite
            • Overview
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          • Query optimization
            • Access path
              • Overview
              • Rule-based path selection
              • Cost-based path selection
            • Join algorithm
              • Overview
              • Join algorithms
              • Runtime filters
              • Join order
          • Manage execution plans
            • Optimizer hints
            • Plan binding
            • SQL plan management
        • Glossary
        • General issues in SQL tuning
    • Performance test
      • Run the TPC-H benchmark on OceanBase Database
      • TPC-H benchmark report of OceanBase Database
      • Run the Sysbench benchmark on OceanBase Database
      • Sysbench benchmark report of OceanBase Database
      • Run the TPC-C benchmark on OceanBase Database
      • Achieve high performance with Sysbench on OceanBase Database: deployment and troubleshooting
      • TPC-C benchmark report of OceanBase Database
    • Database proxy
      • Connection and routing
      • OceanBase Database Proxy
      • ODP
        • Overview
        • Manage ODP clusters
          • Create an ODP cluster
          • Manage ODP cluster parameters
          • Delete an ODP cluster
          • Upgrade all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Restart all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Manage OceanBase clusters connected to an ODP cluster
          • Monitor ODP cluster performance
        • Manage ODP
          • Add an ODP
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          • Refresh ODP configurations
          • Stop an ODP
          • Restart an ODP
          • Delete an ODP
          • Upgrade one or more ODPs
        • ODP startup parameters
      • Physical connections
      • Logical connection
        • Query all sessions
        • Query the details of a session
        • Query the metrics of a session
        • Query session variables
        • Terminate a server session
      • Route management
        • Table-based routing of ODP
        • LDC-based routing
        • ODP routing policy
          • Read/Write splitting
          • Follower-first read
          • Blocklist mechanism
          • Transaction routing
      • View tenant sessions
      • Terminate a tenant session
      • Set the maximum number of connections for a tenant
    • Drivers
      • ECOB
      • OBCI
      • OceanBase Connector/J
      • OceanBase Connector/C
      • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
    • Platform products
      • OMA
      • OMS
      • OCP
      • ODC
      • OCP Express
        • OCP Express
        • View cluster overview information
        • Tenant management
        • Monitor a cluster
        • Diagnostic analysis
        • Log service
      • OAT
    • components & tools
      • O&M management
        • OBShell
          • Overview
          • Use OBShell
            • Start or stop OBShell
          • Command line
            • Cluster commands of OBShell
            • Utilities commands of OBShell
          • API references
            • OBShell API requests
            • Authentication based on public-key encryption
            • AddNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
            • DeleteNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
            • SetClusterConfig
            • SetServerConfig
            • Tenant management
              • Modify tenant parameters
              • Query parameters of a specified tenant
              • Fuzzy query for tenant parameters
            • InitializeCluster
            • StartCluster
            • StopCluster
            • UploadPkg
            • AgentUpgradeCheck
            • ObUpgradeCheck
            • UpgradeAgent
            • UpgradeOb
            • AddNode
            • GetPublicKey
            • QueryNodeStatus
            • GetObInfo
            • OperateDag
            • GetDagDetails
            • GetNodeDetails
            • GetSubtaskDetails
            • QueryUnfinishedTasks
            • QueryUnfinishedAgentTasks
            • QueryUnfinishedObTasks
            • QueryLastObTask
            • QueryLastAgentTask
          • SDK references
            • Python
              • Tenant management
                • Modify tenant parameters
                • Query tenant parameters
            • GO
              • Tenant management
                • Modify tenant parameters
                • Query tenant parameters
        • ob_admin
          • Overview
          • clog
            • log_tool
            • Format of clogs
            • Transaction logs
          • dumpsst
          • dump_backup
        • ob_error
        • OBD
        • ob-operator
      • Monitoring and diagnostics
        • obdiag
        • SQL diagnoser
          • Overview
          • Deploy and use SQL diagnoser
            • Install SQL Diagnoser
            • Use SQL Diagnoser
          • SQL diagnoser remarks
            • Built-in diagnostic items
            • Diagnostic rule expression
            • APIs
            • Diagnostic items of SQL review
        • DOOBA
      • Data integration
        • obloader & obdumper
        • Partition calculator
          • Overview
          • Use the ob-partition-calculator component
        • CDC
          • OBLogProxy
          • Overview
          • obcdc parameters
            • Common obcdc parameters
            • obcdc parameters
          • obcdc
            • Deploy and use obcdc
              • Install and deploy OBCDC
              • obcdc development instructions
              • obcdc_tailf
            • FAQ about obcdc
          • oblogmsg
            • Install and deploy oblogmsg
            • Description of some oblogmsg APIs
      • Stress testing tool
        • mysqltest
          • Use obd.sh to run mysqltest
          • Use of cases
            • Add a test case
            • Test case writing conventions
            • General test case writing commands
  • FAQ
    • Products
    • SQL statements
    • Deployment
    • Cluster management
    • High availability
  • Release Notes
    • Version rules
    • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database V4.2.5
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.0
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.1.0
      • V3.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.4
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.3
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.1
      • V2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.77
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.76
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.30
    • OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.5
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.0
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.1.0
      • V4.0
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.0.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.5
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.4
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.1
  • Glossary

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  4. V4.2.5

9000 to 9499

Last Updated:2026-09-04 09:48:49

ERROR 9001 (HY000): URI error
ERROR 9002 (HY000): OSS file MD5 error
ERROR 9003 (HY000): OSS error
ERROR 9004 (HY000): Init MD5 fail
ERROR 9005 (HY000): Out of element
ERROR 9006 (HY000): Update MD5 fail
ERROR 9007 (HY000): Invalid OSS file length
ERROR 9010 (HY000): OSS file MD5 not match
ERROR 9011 (HY000): cannot find backup file
ERROR 9012 (HY000): Can not get data version from timestamp
ERROR 9013 (HY000): Write OSS file error
ERROR 9014 (HY000): Another restore is in progress
ERROR 9016 (HY000): ob cluster name not equal
ERROR 9017 (HY000): rs list invalid
ERROR 9018 (HY000): agent has failed task
ERROR 9019 (HY000): restore partition is complete
ERROR 9020 (HY000): restore partition twice
ERROR 9022 (HY000): physical backup switch is on
ERROR 9023 (HY000): cannot start log archive backup
ERROR 9024 (HY000): log archive backup is already disabled
ERROR 9025 (HY000): log archive backup info not exists
ERROR 9026 (HY000): %s is not a valid uri
ERROR 9027 (HY000): ob log archive interrupted
ERROR 9028 (HY000): ob log archive stat not match
ERROR 9029 (HY000): log archive is not running
ERROR 9030 (HY000): log archive invalid round
ERROR 9031 (HY000): Cannot backup ob replica
ERROR 9032 (HY000): backup info not exists
ERROR 9033 (HY000): Backup meta info stored in system dictionary does not match with current system status
ERROR 9035 (HY000): restore index failed
ERROR 9036 (HY000): Backup is in progress
ERROR 9037 (HY000): log archive status is not valid
ERROR 9038 (HY000): Cannot add replica during set member list in restore
ERROR 9039 (HY000): pg log archive leader changed
ERROR 9040 (HY000): backup can not start
ERROR 9041 (HY000): cancel backup do not allow
ERROR 9042 (HY000): backup data version gap over limit
ERROR 9044 (HY000): delete backup data is in progress
ERROR 9045 (HY000): delete backup set do not allow
ERROR 9046 (HY000): backup set id is not valid
ERROR 9047 (HY000): invalid password for backup
ERROR 9048 (HY000): backup set is isolated by two log archive round
ERROR 9049 (HY000): backup status is stopped, can not cancel
ERROR 9050 (HY000): no backup data to be backuped up
ERROR 9051 (HY000): backup mount file is not valid
ERROR 9052 (HY000): backup clean info not match
ERROR 9053 (HY000): cancel delete backup do not allow
ERROR 9054 (HY000): backup clean info not exists
ERROR 9057 (HY000): can not set backup region, because %s
ERROR 9058 (HY000): can not set backup zone, because %s
ERROR 9059 (HY000): backup backup has reached max backup times
ERROR 9060 (HY000): COS error
ERROR 9061 (HY000): IO limit
ERROR 9062 (HY000): reach backup backup copy limit
ERROR 9063 (HY000): backup io is prohibited
ERROR 9064 (HY000): the archive log and backup data are not continuous
ERROR 9065 (HY000): agent has suspended
ERROR 9066 (HY000): %.*s conflicts with %.*s
ERROR 9069 (HY000): deleting backup piece is not allowed
ERROR 9070 (HY000): can not connect to backup destination
ERROR 9071 (HY000): no I/O operation permission at the backup destination
ERROR 9072 (HY000): obesi process session conflicts
ERROR 9073 (HY000): external storage OBS error
ERROR 9074 (HY000): backup validation task skipped
ERROR 9075 (HY000): obesi process io error
ERROR 9076 (HY000): backup meta index does not exist
ERROR 9077 (HY000): log discontinuous between two archive rounds
ERROR 9078 (HY000): archive log is to end
ERROR 9079 (HY000): archive log had been recycled
ERROR 9080 (HY000): format file does not exist%s
ERROR 9081 (HY000): format file does not match%s
ERROR 9082 (HY000): backup device out of space
ERROR 9083 (HY000): the pwrite offset of the object storage is inconsistent
ERROR 9084 (HY000): the contents of pwrite are inconsistent
ERROR 9085 (HY000): backup major SSTable range not cover minor SSTable
ERROR 9086 (HY000): backup advance checkpoint by flush timeout
ERROR 9087 (HY000): observer clog is recycled before archive
ERROR 9088 (HY000): log restore source tenant state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9089 (HY000): log restore source ls state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9090 (HY000): obesi process session not exist
ERROR 9091 (HY000): Already in ARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9092 (HY000): Already in NOARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9096 (HY000): standby binary version is lower than primary data version, standby need upgrade
ERROR 9097 (HY000): primary tenant has been dropped
ERROR 9098 (HY000): normal object in object_storage(oss,cos,etc.) can't be appended content
ERROR 9099 (HY000): %s restore failed, %s
ERROR 9100 (HY000): no such file or directory
ERROR 9101 (HY000): file or directory already exist
ERROR 9132 (HY000): object storage data checksum error
ERROR 9135 (HY000): tmp file exceeds disk quota
ERROR 9140 (HY000): the object is locked by worm
ERROR 9142 (HY000): the object can not be overwritten with different content
ERROR 9200 (HY000): Extend ssblock file to smaller is not allowed
ERROR 9201 (HY000): Mark blocks timeout(5s) in auto extend process when alloc block fail
ERROR 9202 (HY000): Auto extend param is not ready to start extending file
ERROR 9129 (HY000): object storage io error
ERROR 9133 (HY000): locality do not exist in locality list. can not set:
ERROR 9135 (HY000): tmp file exceeds disk quota
ERROR 9147 (HY000): can not access backup set file

This range indicates backup and restore error codes and STORAGE 3.0 error codes.

ERROR 9001 (HY000): URI error

  • OceanBase error code: 9001

  • Cause: The destination link for backup and restore is incorrect.

  • Solution: Check the backup and restore configurations and make the necessary modifications.

ERROR 9002 (HY000): OSS file MD5 error

  • OceanBase error code: 9002

  • Cause: The data of the OSS file is corrupted, or the data on OSS is abnormal.

  • Solution: Contact OSS technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9003 (HY000): OSS error

  • OceanBase error code: 9003

  • Cause: An unknown error occurred on OSS.

  • Solution: Contact OSS technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9004 (HY000): Init MD5 fail

  • OceanBase error code: 9004

  • Cause: An error occurred while initializing MD5 by OpenSSL.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9005 (HY000): Out of element

  • OceanBase error code: 9005

  • Cause: The number of shards exceeds the limit.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9006 (HY000): Update MD5 fail

  • OceanBase error code: 9006

  • Cause: An error occurred while updating MD5.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9007 (HY000): Invalid OSS file length

  • OceanBase error code: 9007

  • Cause: The OSS file length is invalid. The OSS file may be incorrect.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9010 (HY000): OSS file MD5 not match

  • OceanBase error code: 9010

  • Cause: The checksum of the OSS file does not match, which means that the data on OSS is abnormal or there is a bug in the backup and restore program.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9011 (HY000): cannot find backup file

  • OceanBase error code: 9011

  • Cause: The backup file cannot be found, which means that the specified backup and restore configurations are incorrect.

  • Solution: Check the backup and restore configurations and make the necessary modifications.

ERROR 9012 (HY000): Can not get data version from timestamp

  • OceanBase error code: 9012

  • Cause: The parameter data version is not passed in the logic restore method.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9013 (HY000): Write OSS file error

  • OceanBase error code: 9013

  • Cause: An unexpected error occurred while writing to the OSS file, which means that an unknown issue occurred on OSS.

  • Solution: Contact OSS technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9014 (HY000): Another restore is in progress

  • OceanBase error code: 9014

  • Cause: A tenant with the same name as the one being restored exists.

  • Solution: Check whether the username of the restoring tenant is duplicated. If yes, use a non-duplicate username.

ERROR 9016 (HY000): ob cluster name not equal

  • OceanBase error code: 9016

  • Cause: The cluster name in the logic backup does not match the URL.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9017 (HY000): rs list invalid

  • OceanBase error code: 9017

  • Cause: The RS list is invalid. The specified RS list may be incorrect.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9018 (HY000): agent has failed task

  • OceanBase error code: 9018

  • Cause: The logic backup has failed tasks.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9019 (HY000): restore partition is complete

  • OceanBase error code: 9019

  • Cause: A restore task was scheduled again for a partition that has already been restored.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9020 (HY000): restore partition twice

  • OceanBase error code: 9020

  • Cause: A restore task was scheduled again for a partition that has already been restored.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9022 (HY000): physical backup switch is on

  • OceanBase error code: 9022

  • Cause: The delayed deletion of tables is performed during physical backup.

  • Solution: No action is required. The table is deleted automatically after physical backup completes.

ERROR 9023 (HY000): cannot start log archive backup

  • OceanBase error code: 9023

  • Cause: Log archiving cannot be started again while log archiving is in progress.

  • Solution: Avoid scheduling the log archiving start command repeatedly.

ERROR 9024 (HY000): log archive backup is already disabled

  • OceanBase error code: 9024

  • Cause: Log archiving in the STOP phase cannot be disabled again.

  • Solution: Avoid disabling log archiving that has already been disabled.

ERROR 9025 (HY000): log archive backup info not exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9025

  • Cause: The log archive information file does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9026 (HY000): %s is not a valid uri

  • OceanBase error code: 9026

  • Cause: The backup destination is invalid.

  • Solution: Check whether backup_dest is valid and provide an available backup_dest path.

ERROR 9027 (HY000): ob log archive interrupted

  • OceanBase error code: 9027

  • Cause: Log archiving was interrupted.

  • Solution: Check whether heavy writes prevent log archiving from keeping up. If not, contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9028 (HY000): ob log archive stat not match

  • OceanBase error code: 9028

  • Cause: The log archive status does not match.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9029 (HY000): log archive is not running

  • OceanBase error code: 9029

  • Cause: Log archiving is not running. This error is usually logged by an OBServer node when backup is being stopped.

  • Solution: No manual intervention is required. This is a normal error log when log archiving exits.

ERROR 9030 (HY000): log archive invalid round

  • OceanBase error code: 9030

  • Cause: The log archive round information is incorrect.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9031 (HY000): Cannot backup ob replica

  • OceanBase error code: 9031

  • Cause: The replica is being migrated or is a log replica, and therefore cannot provide data backup services.

  • Solution: OceanBase Database will internally retry the request. No manual intervention is needed.

ERROR 9032 (HY000): backup info not exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9032

  • Cause: The backup information does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for help.

ERROR 9033 (HY000): Backup meta info stored in system dictionary does not match with current system status

  • OceanBase error code: 9033

  • Cause: The status of the backup is inconsistent.

  • Solution:

    • If the error occurred during log archive of an OBServer node, it is generally caused by the start or stop of log archive. In this case, no manual intervention is needed.

    • If the error occurred during log archive of the RootService, contact OceanBase technical support for help.

ERROR 9035 (HY000): restore index failed

  • OceanBase error code: 9035

  • Cause: The index rebuilding failed after the restore was completed.

  • Solution: Check the indexes with the error state in the internal tables of the restore tenant and recreate the indexes.

ERROR 9036 (HY000): Backup is in progress

  • OceanBase error code: 9036

  • Cause: Generally, this error occurs when you perform an operation that conflicts with a backup.

  • Solution: Run the command again after the data backup and log archive are stopped.

ERROR 9037 (HY000): log archive status is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9037

  • Cause: The status of the log archive is illegal.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for help.

ERROR 9038 (HY000): Cannot add replica during set member list in restore

  • OceanBase error code: 9038

  • Cause: Replication is not supported during the set member list phase of the restore.

  • Solution: Replication is not supported during the set member list step of restore. If a majority of replicas still exists, restore can continue; if not, cancel the restore and reschedule the restore task.

ERROR 9039 (HY000): pg log archive leader changed

  • OceanBase error code: 9039

  • Cause: The log archive leader has switched.

  • Solution: Internal error code. After detecting a leader switchover, the current PG will be interrupted. The new leader will automatically continue the backup work without O&M intervention.

ERROR 9040 (HY000): backup can not start

  • OceanBase error code: 9040

  • Cause: The log archive is not in the DOING state, and therefore data backup cannot be started.

  • Solution: Wait for the log archive to enter the DOING state. If it stays in the BEGINNING state for a long time, contact OceanBase technical support for help.

ERROR 9041 (HY000): cancel backup do not allow

  • OceanBase error code: 9041

  • Cause: You cannot cancel a backup task that is being canceled.

  • Solution: Make sure that you do not cancel a task that is being canceled.

ERROR 9042 (HY000): backup data version gap over limit

  • OceanBase error code: 9042

  • Cause: Data backup fails automatically if it is not completed within 16 major compactions.

  • Solution: Identify why data backup is slow or whether major compaction occurs too frequently.

ERROR 9044 (HY000): delete backup data is in progress

  • OceanBase error code: 9044

  • Cause: Scheduling a backup cleanup task repeatedly is not allowed.

  • Solution: Avoid scheduling backup cleanup tasks repeatedly.

ERROR 9045 (HY000): delete backup set do not allow

  • OceanBase error code: 9045

  • Cause: Deleting the backup set is not allowed.

  • Solution: Check whether an incorrect delete command was entered.

ERROR 9046 (HY000): backup set id is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9046

  • Cause: The backup set ID is invalid. An invalid backup_set_id may have been specified.

  • Solution: Check whether the entered backup_set_id is correct and try again.

ERROR 9047 (HY000): invalid password for backup

  • OceanBase error code: 9047

  • Cause: The password is invalid.

  • Solution: Check whether the password is correct and try again.

ERROR 9048 (HY000): backup set is isolated by two log archive round

  • OceanBase error code: 9048

  • Cause: Data backup and log archiving are not continuous.

  • Solution: Check whether log archiving has been interrupted.

ERROR 9049 (HY000): backup status is stopped, can not cancel

  • OceanBase error code: 9049

  • Cause: The backup has already stopped and cannot be canceled again.

  • Solution: No additional action is required. The backup has already stopped.

ERROR 9050 (HY000): no backup data to be backuped up

  • OceanBase error code: 9050

  • Cause: The scheduled backup task has no data to back up.

  • Solution: This usually occurs in backup scenarios. No action is required.

ERROR 9051 (HY000): backup mount file is not valid

  • OceanBase error code: 9051

  • Cause: One or more OBServer nodes have not mounted NFS.

  • Solution: Make sure that NFS is mounted on all nodes.

ERROR 9052 (HY000): backup clean info not match

  • OceanBase error code: 9052

  • Cause: The backup cleanup metadata is inconsistent.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9053 (HY000): cancel delete backup do not allow

  • OceanBase error code: 9053

  • Cause: Cancel was issued when no cleanup task was running.

  • Solution: Avoid issuing Cancel when no cleanup task is running.

ERROR 9054 (HY000): backup clean info not exists

  • OceanBase error code: 9054

  • Cause: The cleanup metadata does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9057 (HY000): can not set backup region, because %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9057

  • Cause: The backup region cannot be modified.

  • Solution: Record the error message and contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9058 (HY000): can not set backup zone, because %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9058

  • Cause: The backup zone cannot be modified.

  • Solution: Record the error message and contact OceanBase technical support for troubleshooting.

ERROR 9059 (HY000): backup backup has reached max backup times

  • OceanBase error code: 9059

  • Cause: Internal error code. Returned during internal backup scheduling when both the backup set and backup piece have reached the maximum backup times.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9060 (HY000): COS error

  • OceanBase error code: 9060

  • Cause: An error occurred in the Tencent Cloud COS module.

  • Solution: This error is usually caused by logic errors in the process of adapting OceanBase Database to COS. Contact OceanBase Technical Support.

ERROR 9061 (HY000): IO limit

  • OceanBase error code: 9061

  • Cause: This is an IO restriction. Currently, only the List operation in the Tencent Cloud COS module returns this error code.

  • Solution: Contact the customer support team of COS to increase or remove the IO restriction on the List operation.

ERROR 9062 (HY000): reach backup backup copy limit

  • OceanBase error code: 9062

  • Cause: The backup task cannot find any backup set or backup piece that meets the backup requirements of the specified backup time. In other words, all backup sets and backup pieces have met the backup requirements of the specified backup time.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9063 (HY000): backup io is prohibited

  • OceanBase error code: 9063

  • Cause: The List operation in the COS environment is being rate-limited during backup or restore.

  • Solution:

    • If this error occurs occasionally, no action is required.

    • If this error frequently occurs, contact the customer support team of the backup COS to increase or remove the rate limit on the List operation.

ERROR 9064 (HY000): the archive log and backup data are not continuous

  • OceanBase error code: 9064

  • Cause: The archived logs or backup data are discontinuous.

  • Solution:

    • V2.2.X: Perform a major compaction and then initiate a data backup again.

    • V3.1.X and later: Initiate a data backup again.

ERROR 9065 (HY000): agent has suspended

  • OceanBase error code: 9065

  • Cause: This error code is returned when the backup suspension feature of the logic backup and restore is enabled during the execution of a task.

  • Solution: This error code does not affect the feature. The logic backup will be suspended. After the suspension is enabled, it can be disabled again.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9066 (HY000): %.*s conflicts with %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9066

  • Cause: Conflicting values are detected.

  • Solution: Check the conflicting values and ensure that they do not conflict with other values.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.1.

ERROR 9069 (HY000): deleting backup piece is not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9069

  • Cause: Deleting a backup log shard is not allowed.

  • Solution: Check whether you have entered the correct delete command.

ERROR 9070 (HY000): can not connect to backup destination

  • OceanBase error code: 9070

  • Cause: Some OBServer nodes cannot communicate with the backup media. For example, NFS is not mounted or the object storage does not have access permissions.

  • Solution: Mount NFS correctly, or set the correct authorization information for object storage or grant the necessary operation permissions.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9071 (HY000): no I/O operation permission at the backup destination

  • OceanBase error code: 9071

  • Cause: The OBServer node does not have the permissions to operate on the backup media.

  • Solution: Grant the required permissions to the operation.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9072 (HY000): obesi process session conflicts

  • OceanBase error code: 9072

  • Cause: A session conflict occurred between the backup I/O independent sub-process and another process.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9073 (HY000): external storage OBS error

  • OceanBase error code: 9073

  • Cause: When the backup media is Huawei Cloud OBS, a storage media-level error occurred.

  • Solution: Check whether Huawei Cloud OBS is connected and write-enabled. If the problem persists, contact technical support.

ERROR 9074 (HY000): backup validation task skipped

  • OceanBase error code: 9074

  • Cause: The backup validation task is skipped after the tenant is deleted.

  • Solution: No action is required.

ERROR 9075 (HY000): obesi process io error

  • OceanBase error code: 9075

  • Cause: An I/O failure occurred during backup and restore because the obesi process encountered an abnormal state.

  • Solution: No action is required.

Note

This error code was introduced in V3.2.4.

ERROR 9076 (HY000): backup meta index does not exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9076

  • Cause: The metadata index of the backup data does not exist.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for help.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9077 (HY000): log discontinuous between two archive rounds

  • OceanBase error code: 9077

  • Cause: A discontinuity was found between two rounds of continuous logs when they were being read.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for help.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9078 (HY000): archive log is to end

  • OceanBase error code: 9078

  • Cause: The reading of archive logs has reached the end.

  • Solution: No action is required.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9079 (HY000): archive log had been recycled

  • OceanBase error code: 9079

  • Cause: The archive log that is being read has been recycled.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for help.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9080 (HY000): format file does not exist%s

  • OceanBase error code: 9080

  • Cause: The format file at the backup destination does not exist. The possible causes are as follows:

    • The format file is removed before the destination participates in a backup task.
    • The specified destination is not empty, and it does not contain a format file.
  • Solution: Check whether the format file exists at the backup destination. If it does not, the destination is no longer valid. When you set a new destination, clear all files in the destination before adding it to backup.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0. In V4.2.5 and earlier versions, the error message is the format file does not exist under the destination.

ERROR 9081 (HY000): format file does not match%s

  • OceanBase error code: 9081

  • Cause: The format file information at the backup destination does not match. The possible causes are as follows:

    • When you set the destination, you use a destination that belongs to another cluster, tenant, or backup type.
    • The format file at the destination is corrupted.
  • Solution: Verify that the cluster, tenant, and backup type of the destination match those of the backup task. If they do not match, use the correct destination.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0. In V4.2.5 and earlier versions, the error message is the content of the format file at the destination does not match.

ERROR 9082 (HY000): backup device out of space

  • OceanBase error code: 9082

  • Cause: The backup disk is full.

  • Solution: Expand the backup disk space.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9083 (HY000): the pwrite offset of the object storage is inconsistent

  • OceanBase error code: 9083

  • Cause: The offset of the pwrite file in object storage does not match the file length.

  • Solution: No action is required.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9084 (HY000): the contents of pwrite are inconsistent

  • OceanBase error code: 9084

  • Cause: The content of the pwrite file in object storage does not match the existing file content.

  • Solution: No action is required.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9085 (HY000): backup major SSTable range not cover minor SSTable

  • OceanBase error code: 9085

  • Cause: The range of the major SSTable does not cover that of the minor SSTable.

  • Solution: No action is required. The backup system will retry internally.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9086 (HY000): backup advance checkpoint by flush timeout

  • OceanBase error code: 9086

  • Cause: Advancing the log stream checkpoint timed out during backup.

  • Solution: Contact the technical support team for help.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9087 (HY000): observer clog is recycled before archive

  • OceanBase error code: 9087
  • Cause: The archive file was recycled while archive consumption was in progress.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.1.0.

ERROR 9088 (HY000): log restore source tenant state not match, switchover to primary not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9088
  • Cause: The log restore source tenant/log stream state does not match. Switching the current tenant to primary is not allowed.
  • Solution:
    1. Check whether the source and target tenant states for backup and restore match.
    2. Check whether the primary/standby replication configuration is correct.
    3. Check whether the source tenant backup is complete and whether the target tenant restore is correct.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9089 (HY000): log restore source ls state not match, switchover to primary not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9089
  • Cause: The log restore source tenant/log stream state does not match. Switching the current tenant to primary is not allowed.
  • Solution:
    1. Check whether the source and target log states for backup and restore match.
    2. Check whether the primary/standby replication configuration is correct.
    3. Check whether the source log backup is complete and whether the target log restore is correct.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9090 (HY000): obesi process session not exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9090

  • Cause: The obesi process session does not exist.

  • Solution: The obesi process will automatically restart. No manual intervention is required.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.0.0.

ERROR 9091 (HY000): Already in ARCHIVELOG mode

  • OceanBase error code: 9091

  • Cause: The database is already in ARCHIVELOG mode.

  • Solution: This is a status notification. No action is required.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.1.0.

ERROR 9092 (HY000): Already in NOARCHIVELOG mode

  • OceanBase error code: 9092

  • Cause: The database is already in NOARCHIVELOG mode.

  • Solution: This is a status notification. No action is required.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.1.0.

ERROR 9096 (HY000): standby binary version is lower than primary data version, standby need upgrade

  • OceanBase error code: 9096
  • Cause: The standby database version is behind the primary database version.
  • Solution: Check the standby and primary database versions and wait for the standby upgrade to complete.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9097 (HY000): primary tenant has been dropped

  • OceanBase error code: 9097
  • Cause: The primary tenant is deleted during primary/standby synchronization.
  • Solution: Check whether the primary tenant exists in the primary database.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9098 (HY000): normal object in object_storage(oss,cos,etc.) can't be appended content

  • OceanBase error code: 9098
  • Cause: An error occurred while attempting to append content to a normal object in object storage (OSS, COS, etc.).
  • Solution: Check the type of object storage. Make sure that the type supports appending content to a normal object.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.0.

ERROR 9099 (HY000): %s restore failed, %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9099

  • Cause: The restore operation failed.

  • Solution: Check the restore configuration and parameters to ensure that they meet the requirements and expectations of the restore destination.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.2.

ERROR 9100 (HY000): no such file or directory

  • OceanBase error code: 9100

  • Cause: The storage layer cannot find the corresponding directory or file. The configuration of the storage directory may be incorrect.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for help.

ERROR 9101 (HY000): file or directory already exist

  • OceanBase error code: 9101

  • Cause: The corresponding file or directory already exists.

  • Solution: This is an internal error code. Contact technical support for help.

ERROR 9132 (HY000): object storage data checksum error

  • OceanBase error code: 9132

  • Cause: The object storage data checksum is incorrect.

  • Solution: This is an internal error code. Contact technical support for help.

Note

This error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP1.

ERROR 9135 (HY000): tmp file exceeds disk quota

  • OceanBase error code: 9135

  • Cause: The temporary file size exceeds the disk quota limit.

  • Solution: Check disk space usage and investigate slow SQL to identify what is generating large temporary files. If the data volume is expected, increase the temporary_file_max_disk_size parameter to adjust the temporary file limit.

Note

For V4.2.5, this error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP4.

ERROR 9140 (HY000): the object is locked by worm

  • OceanBase error code: 9140

  • Cause: An attempt is made to delete or modify an object in object storage that is in the retention period.

  • Solution: Check whether the backup or archive path is configured with a retention policy and whether the enable_worm parameter is correctly configured when you set the backup or archive path. If enable_worm is correctly configured, contact OceanBase technical support for help.

Note

For V4.2.5, this error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP7.

ERROR 9142 (HY000): the object can not be overwritten with different content

  • OceanBase error code: 9142

  • Cause: A non-idempotent file with the same name is written to object storage that is configured with a retention policy.

  • Solution: Contact OceanBase technical support for help.

Note

For V4.2.5, this error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP7.

ERROR 9200 (HY000): Extend ssblock file to smaller is not allowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9200

  • Cause: SSBlock files cannot be shrunk.

  • Solution: Check whether the size specified in ALTER SYSTEM SET datafile_size is greater than the current SSBlock file size. If not, contact technical support for help.

ERROR 9201 (HY000): Mark blocks timeout(5s) in auto extend process when alloc block fail

  • OceanBase error code: 9201

  • Cause: Macroblocks cannot be marked after the SSBlock file is automatically expanded.

  • Solution: Contact technical support for help.

ERROR 9202 (HY000): Auto extend param is not ready to start extending file

  • OceanBase error code: 9202

  • Cause: Automatic expansion may not be enabled due to configuration issues, or the preset disk usage of datafile has reached its upper limit.

  • Solution: Check whether the free_size field in the __all_virtual_disk_stat table is 0. If yes, disk space is exhausted. Increase the datafile threshold or expand the disk.

ERROR 9129 (HY000): object storage io error

  • OceanBase error code: 9129

  • Cause: An object storage error occurred. Common causes include connectivity and compatibility issues with object storage.

  • Solution: Check object storage connectivity. After confirming that connectivity is normal, contact technical support for help.

Note

For V4.2.5, this error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP6.

ERROR 9133 (HY000): locality do not exist in locality list. can not set:

  • OceanBase error code: 9133

  • Cause: The source endpoint specified for the backup or archive path does not exist.

  • Solution: Query the DBA_OB_ZONES view to verify whether the specified locality exists. Correct the locality and try again.

Note

For V4.2.5, this error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP2.

ERROR 9135 (HY000): tmp file exceeds disk quota

  • OceanBase error code: 9135

  • Cause: The amount of data written to disk by temporary files exceeds the configured upper limit.

  • Solution: Check whether the SQL statement that triggered the error produces more data than expected (for example, whether the maximum temporary file data written to disk is expected to be 500 GB). If the data volume is as expected, adjust the temporary_file_max_disk_size parameter to an appropriate value.

Note

For V4.2.5, this error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP3.

ERROR 9147 (HY000): can not access backup set file

  • OceanBase error code: 9147

  • Cause: During physical restore, an OBServer node cannot access the backup set file in the specified backup media.

  • Solution: Check object storage connectivity. After confirming that connectivity is normal, contact technical support for help.

Note

For V4.2.5, this error code was introduced in V4.2.5 BP6.

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ERROR 9001 (HY000): URI error
ERROR 9002 (HY000): OSS file MD5 error
ERROR 9003 (HY000): OSS error
ERROR 9004 (HY000): Init MD5 fail
ERROR 9005 (HY000): Out of element
ERROR 9006 (HY000): Update MD5 fail
ERROR 9007 (HY000): Invalid OSS file length
ERROR 9010 (HY000): OSS file MD5 not match
ERROR 9011 (HY000): cannot find backup file
ERROR 9012 (HY000): Can not get data version from timestamp
ERROR 9013 (HY000): Write OSS file error
ERROR 9014 (HY000): Another restore is in progress
ERROR 9016 (HY000): ob cluster name not equal
ERROR 9017 (HY000): rs list invalid
ERROR 9018 (HY000): agent has failed task
ERROR 9019 (HY000): restore partition is complete
ERROR 9020 (HY000): restore partition twice
ERROR 9022 (HY000): physical backup switch is on
ERROR 9023 (HY000): cannot start log archive backup
ERROR 9024 (HY000): log archive backup is already disabled
ERROR 9025 (HY000): log archive backup info not exists
ERROR 9026 (HY000): %s is not a valid uri
ERROR 9027 (HY000): ob log archive interrupted
ERROR 9028 (HY000): ob log archive stat not match
ERROR 9029 (HY000): log archive is not running
ERROR 9030 (HY000): log archive invalid round
ERROR 9031 (HY000): Cannot backup ob replica
ERROR 9032 (HY000): backup info not exists
ERROR 9033 (HY000): Backup meta info stored in system dictionary does not match with current system status
ERROR 9035 (HY000): restore index failed
ERROR 9036 (HY000): Backup is in progress
ERROR 9037 (HY000): log archive status is not valid
ERROR 9038 (HY000): Cannot add replica during set member list in restore
ERROR 9039 (HY000): pg log archive leader changed
ERROR 9040 (HY000): backup can not start
ERROR 9041 (HY000): cancel backup do not allow
ERROR 9042 (HY000): backup data version gap over limit
ERROR 9044 (HY000): delete backup data is in progress
ERROR 9045 (HY000): delete backup set do not allow
ERROR 9046 (HY000): backup set id is not valid
ERROR 9047 (HY000): invalid password for backup
ERROR 9048 (HY000): backup set is isolated by two log archive round
ERROR 9049 (HY000): backup status is stopped, can not cancel
ERROR 9050 (HY000): no backup data to be backuped up
ERROR 9051 (HY000): backup mount file is not valid
ERROR 9052 (HY000): backup clean info not match
ERROR 9053 (HY000): cancel delete backup do not allow
ERROR 9054 (HY000): backup clean info not exists
ERROR 9057 (HY000): can not set backup region, because %s
ERROR 9058 (HY000): can not set backup zone, because %s
ERROR 9059 (HY000): backup backup has reached max backup times
ERROR 9060 (HY000): COS error
ERROR 9061 (HY000): IO limit
ERROR 9062 (HY000): reach backup backup copy limit
ERROR 9063 (HY000): backup io is prohibited
ERROR 9064 (HY000): the archive log and backup data are not continuous
ERROR 9065 (HY000): agent has suspended
ERROR 9066 (HY000): %.*s conflicts with %.*s
ERROR 9069 (HY000): deleting backup piece is not allowed
ERROR 9070 (HY000): can not connect to backup destination
ERROR 9071 (HY000): no I/O operation permission at the backup destination
ERROR 9072 (HY000): obesi process session conflicts
ERROR 9073 (HY000): external storage OBS error
ERROR 9074 (HY000): backup validation task skipped
ERROR 9075 (HY000): obesi process io error
ERROR 9076 (HY000): backup meta index does not exist
ERROR 9077 (HY000): log discontinuous between two archive rounds
ERROR 9078 (HY000): archive log is to end
ERROR 9079 (HY000): archive log had been recycled
ERROR 9080 (HY000): format file does not exist%s
ERROR 9081 (HY000): format file does not match%s
ERROR 9082 (HY000): backup device out of space
ERROR 9083 (HY000): the pwrite offset of the object storage is inconsistent
ERROR 9084 (HY000): the contents of pwrite are inconsistent
ERROR 9085 (HY000): backup major SSTable range not cover minor SSTable
ERROR 9086 (HY000): backup advance checkpoint by flush timeout
ERROR 9087 (HY000): observer clog is recycled before archive
ERROR 9088 (HY000): log restore source tenant state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9089 (HY000): log restore source ls state not match, switchover to primary not allowed
ERROR 9090 (HY000): obesi process session not exist
ERROR 9091 (HY000): Already in ARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9092 (HY000): Already in NOARCHIVELOG mode
ERROR 9096 (HY000): standby binary version is lower than primary data version, standby need upgrade
ERROR 9097 (HY000): primary tenant has been dropped
ERROR 9098 (HY000): normal object in object_storage(oss,cos,etc.) can't be appended content
ERROR 9099 (HY000): %s restore failed, %s
ERROR 9100 (HY000): no such file or directory
ERROR 9101 (HY000): file or directory already exist
ERROR 9132 (HY000): object storage data checksum error
ERROR 9135 (HY000): tmp file exceeds disk quota
ERROR 9140 (HY000): the object is locked by worm
ERROR 9142 (HY000): the object can not be overwritten with different content
ERROR 9200 (HY000): Extend ssblock file to smaller is not allowed
ERROR 9201 (HY000): Mark blocks timeout(5s) in auto extend process when alloc block fail
ERROR 9202 (HY000): Auto extend param is not ready to start extending file
ERROR 9129 (HY000): object storage io error
ERROR 9133 (HY000): locality do not exist in locality list. can not set:
ERROR 9135 (HY000): tmp file exceeds disk quota
ERROR 9147 (HY000): can not access backup set file